Fat induration is associated with necrosis and remains a common complication in breast reconstructions with autologous flaps after mastectomy. Fat induration can cause deep tissue infection, pain, distress, and anxiety. However, the diagnosis for this problem has not been objectively defined. In the current article, We will share our experience of using ultrasound shear-wave elastography with 1...

In this article we present a 53-year-old lady, who had progressive indurated skin lesions on her both forearms since 3 months ago, without skin discoloration. Chest x-ray showed parahilar lymphadenopathy, in high resolution CT (HRCT) scan evaluation multiple lymph nodes in upper and middle mediastinum were reported. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) level was increased to 81 (normal 5-5...

Diseases characterized by recurrent symptoms with prolonged intervals without any clinical manifestations can pose diagnostic difficulties. Some diagnoses will be obvious but other situations can be very challenging.To nosologically delineate a new entity characterized by recurrent flares of induration of the forearms and legs with swelling of the extremities accompanied by intense fatigue and ...

A 70-year-old woman developed erythema and induration of the right chest wall, and swelling of her right arm. The provisional diagnosis was deep venous thrombosis and/or cellulitis of the right arm. Skin biopsy showed a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma within lymphatic vessels, and immunohistochemical staining revealed this to be of breast origin. Inflammatory carcinoma or carcinoma erysipe...

I n autologous breast reconstruction after mastec-tomy, fat induration is a rather common complication that causes deep tissue infection, pain, and contracture deformity. Follow-up for fat induration provides important clues after breast reconstruction with an autologous flap because fat induration is the clinical stage before fat necrosis that may lead to the need for corrective surgery. Our u...

This case report alerts to the existence of atypical forms of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). A woman with nodular cutaneous lesions over a neck with papules and pustules located deep in the hypodermis that formed plaques with subcutaneous induration and satellite papules was confirmed to have CL. After confirmation, the patient was treated with remission of the lesions, scarring and thickening o...

AIM To investigate the efficacy and early postoperative morbidity of a novel endovenous laser ablation (IEVLA) strategy of treatment of the great saphenous vein (GSV) with difficulty of wire placement. METHODS Sixty patients with serious GSV incompetence in 73 limbs were randomized into two treatment groups: Group 1 underwent traditional endovenous laser ablation (TEVLA) surgery and group 2 r...