The nucleophilicity and Lewis basicity of DBU and DBN toward C(sp(2)) centers have been measured: nucleophilicities increase in the series DMAP < DBU < DBN < DABCO while Lewis basicities are DABCO < DMAP < DBU < DBN.

Fungicide benomyl is easily decomposed to carbendazim (MBC) and butyl isocyanate (BIC) in formulation, BIC is further hydrolyzed to butylamine. The BIC also reacts with butylamine to form N,N'-dibutylurea (DBU), a phytotoxic compound. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of selected additives and the manufacturing method of benomyl water dispersible granules (WG) on reducing...

Two cyclopropane derivatives of N@C60 were synthesised by well-controlled Bingel reactions, in which 94% of the spin centres were retained, as confirmed by a series of quantitative electron spin paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements. Further study on the influence of the DBU catalyst base revealed a spin loss mechanism through a fullerene-DBU diradical.

Microwave-promoted efficient synthesis of a (Z)-3-methyleneisoindolin-1-one library from 2-bromobenzamides and terminal alkynes using Cu(OAc)₂•H₂O/DBU is described. Various benzamide substituents, ring substitutions, including heteroaryl, aryl acetylenes and aliphatic alkynes, could be applied to afford the desired products in good to moderate yield with high stereoselectivity. It is noteworthy...

DFT calculations were conducted to pursue deeper understandings on the mechanism and the explicit role of trace water in the DBU-catalyzed β-amination of NBS to chalcone. Being different from previously proposed by Liang et al., a cooperative participation of both DBU and water is noticed in the preferred mechanism. The preferential mechanistic scenario assisted by water undergoes three major s...

Nucleophilic 18F-fluorination of bromodifluoromethyl derivatives was performed using [18F]Bu4NF in the presence of DBU (1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene). This novel procedure provided a diverse set of [18F]trifluoroacetamides in good to excellent radiochemical conversions. A mechanism where DBU acts as organomediator in this transformation is proposed.

Introduction. The study of the clinical workflows and information flows in healthcare institutions is of vital importance to improve its effectiveness and efficiency. At Hospital São João, Oporto – Portugal, a Diagnostic Breast Unit (DBU) was recently created. The implementation of a new Electronic Patient Record (EPR) called Breast.Care triggered the need to better understand the DBU processes...

Double aza-Michael addition of n-butylamine to the two acrylamide groups of acyclic N(2),N(6)-bis(6-acrylamidopyridin-2-yl)pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide gives the corresponding macrocycle, H₄L. H₄L has potential coordination pockets associated with the 2,6-dicarboxamide (head) and the butylamine (tail) regions of the macrocycle. Depending on the conditions employed, macrocyclic complexes with pall...

In this paper, we propose an end-to-end route optimization scheme for nested mobile networks, which we refer to as Dual Binding Update (DBU ). In general, the nested mobile networks easily suffer from a bi-directional pinball routing with hierarchically multiple mobile routers. To handle this matter, we provide a new binding update (BU) message to allow a Correspondent Node (CN) to keep an addi...

A comparative study of the cleavage efficiency of succinyl, phthaloyl, oxalyl, 2-(2-nitrophenyl)ethyl, 9-fluorenylmethyl, and 2nitrophenyl supports in 0.5M DBU solutions is described. A decrease in cleavage efficiency is observed when small oligonucleotides containing thymidine are linked to the supports. In these conditions oxalyl supports gave the best yields followed by 2-(2-nitrophenyl)ethy...