Familial dysautonomia (Riley et al., 1949) is an autosomal recessive disease affecting Jews of Eastern European ancestry (Brunt and McKusick, 1970). As the name implies the autonomic nervous system is defective, and this is seen clinically as defective control of temperature, blood pressure, and swallowing, by skin blotching, excessive sweating, lack of tearing, and bowel disturbance. Abnormali...

carpal tunnel syndrome is known as an industrial new epidemic. in many of jobs, the same motions of hand are repeated thousands of times a day.  each day the number of people with the syndrome is increasing. clerks, workers in food preparation and packaging, and secretaries of large supermarkets have a high risk for suffering from this syndrome. in fact, all people who flex and extend their wri...

Familial dysautonomia, also known as Riley-Day syndrome, is a disorder of autonomic nervous system with an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. Reduction and/or loss of unmyelinated and small myelinated fibers is found, as reduction of dopamine beta-hydroxylase in blood. The diagnosis is based on clinical features: diminished lacrimation, insensitivity to pain, poor temperature control, abo...

introduction: electrolyte imbalances are very common among crushed earthquake victims but there is not enough data regarding their trend of changes. the present study was designed to evaluate the trend of changes in sodium, calcium, and phosphorus ions among crush syndrome patients. methods: in this retrospective cross-sectional study, using the database of bam earthquake victims, which was dev...

performing cochlear implantation in patients with inner ear malformation has always been a matter of dispute. this study was designed to analyze the operative findings,complications, and postoperative performance of patients with inner ear anomalies who underwent cochlear implantation. six patients with inner ear malformations underwent implantation in our academic tertiary referral center from...