Article history: Received 11 November 2009 Available online 16 July 2010 JEL classification: C9 D02 D7 D8

Consider a Martin-Löf random ∆2 set Z. We give lower bounds for the number of changes of Zs n for computable approximations of Z. We show that each nonempty Π 1 class has a low member Z with a computable approximation that changes only o(2) times. We prove that each superlow ML-random set already satisfies a stronger randomness notion called balanced randomness, which implies that for each comp...

The purpose of the present study is to assess large-scale signal modulation produced by two dynamically downscaled Seasonal Forecasting Systems (SFSs) and investigate if additional predictive skill can be achieved, compared driving global-scale Climate Forecast System (CFS). SFSs are evaluated in terms physical values anomaly interannual variability. Downscaled consist two-step dynamical ensemb...

A fully coupled tide-surge-wave model was developed to study the influence of different computational domains on typhoon wave characteristics in waters surrounding Taiwan. Three typhoons were selected as cases: Meranti, Malakas, and Megi, which successively impacted Taiwan September 2016. Superposition CFSV2 winds blended with ERA5 onto yielded optimum simulations waves. Storm responses along e...

Public communication is secure if a hostile third party cannot detect the informational content of the messages exchanged by the communicating parties. In Nash equilibrium, communication by computationally unbounded players cannot be secure. We assume complexity averse players, and show that a simple, secure and costless communication protocol becomes available as the marginal complexity cost t...

BACKGROUND Platinum nanomaterial is one of the significant noble metal catalysts, and the interaction of platinum with microbe is one of the key factors in influencing the size and the distribution of the platinum nanoparticles on the microbial biomass. Some properties of Pt(IV) adsorption and reduction by resting cells of Bacillus megatherium D01 biomass have once been investigated, still the ...

We measure friction in the matching of students and law schools as the number of unnecessary student applications and school admissions that have to be undertaken per actual matriculation. We show that friction increases with student and school attractiveness, but decreases for top schools and students. We discuss connections with the literature on frictional matching. JEL: D02, C78.

In a recurring auction early bids may reveal bidders’ types, which in turn affects bidding in later auctions. Bidders take this into account and may bid in a way that conceals their private information until the last auction is played. The present paper analyzes the equilibrium of a sequence of firstprice auctions assuming bidders have stable private values. We show that signal-jamming occurs a...

Models for Candidate CAS Deliverable Number: D02 Delivery Date: June 2003 Classification: Public Contact Authors: Geoffrey Canright, Andreas Deutsch, Kenth Engø-Monsen Document Version: Final (January 30, 2004) Contract Start Date: 1 January 2003 Duration: 36 months Project Coordinator: Università di Bologna (Italy) Partners: Telenor Communication AS (Norway), Technische Universität Dresden (Ge...

We conduct a laboratory experiment with agents working on and principals benefiting from a real effort task in which the agents’ performance can only be evaluated subjectively. Principals give subjective performance feedback to agents and agents have an opportunity to sanction principals. In contrast to existing models of reciprocity we find that agents tend to sanction whenever the feedback of...