We develop a systematic approach for the analysis of 2-D refraction experiments using traveltimes that allows progressive improvement of velocity structure through a sequence from 1-D models to pseudo-2-D models, and then 2-D models. The approach consists of three steps. First, 1-D velocity models are constructed for each segment of the pro¢le using a genetic algorithm inversion, and then pseud...

— Suppose that G is a locally compact abelian group with a Haar measure μ. The δ-ball Bδ of a continuous translation invariant pseudo-metric is called d-dimensional if μ(B2δ′ ) 6 2μ(Bδ′ ) for all δ′ ⊂ (0, δ]. We show that if A is a compact symmetric neighborhood of the identity with μ(nA) 6 ndμ(A) for all n > d log d, then A is contained in an O(d log d)-dimensional ball, B, of positive radius ...

in this paper we find sufficient conditions on primitive inverse topological semigroup s under which: the inversion inv : (h(s)) (h(s)) is continuous; we show that every topologically periodic countable compact primitive inverse topological semigroups with closed h-classes is topologically isomorphic to an orthogonal sum p i2= bi (gi) of topological brandt extensions bi (gi) of countably compac...

In this paper we find sufficient conditions on primitive inverse topological semigroup S under which: the inversion inv : (H(S)) (H(S)) is continuous; we show that every topologically periodic countable compact primitive inverse topological semigroups with closed H-classes is topologically isomorphic to an orthogonal sum P i2= Bi (Gi) of topological Brandt extensions Bi (Gi) of countably compac...

the direct way to access the petrophysical property of hydrocarbon reservoir is based on well data but due to its high cost, the seismic data has been used to obtain these parameters. for this purpose, many different methods are available and each has its own advantages and limitations. from these methods the seismic inversion is the best tool to study the reservoir characterization. the outcom...