BACKGROUND The invasiveness and exposure to radiation in voiding cystourethrography led to the introduction of alternative methods of diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux, including contrast enhanced voiding urosonography. While there is a limited number of studies comparing these methods using new generation ultrasound contrast agents, none of them compared both methods simultaneously. This stud...

BACKGROUND Two-dimensional (2DUS) contrast enhanced voiding urosonography has been used in the diagnosis and treatment monitoring of the vesicoureteral reflux in children for over 15 years. The opportunity of performing this examination with the use of three-dimensional static (3DUS) and real-time (4DUS) techniques opens up new diagnostic horizons. OBJECTIVE To analyze if 3DUS/4DUS bring addi...

Vesicoureteric reflux is an important association of paediatric urinary tract infection. Fluoroscopic micturating cystourethrography and radionuclide cystography have been employed for detecting and grading vesicoureteric reflux. However, both modalities involve ionising radiation, which can pose significant radiation risk to growing children. They also have a lower detection rate due to interm...

imaging of the kidneys and urinary tract has a significant and critical role for diagnosis of genitourinary system diseases. although technological progress goes toward less invasive approaches, some of the current methods are still invasive and annoying. voiding cystourethrography (vcug) is the best and most accurate method for diagnosis and grading of vesicoureteral refl ux. vcug is a distres...

Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is common condition in infants with febrile urinary tract infections (UTIs). Both VUR and febrile UTIs are risk factors for renal scars, characterized by glomerular hypertrophy with global or segmental sclerosis as cardinal features in pathology. Because renal scars may cause hypertension or chronic kidney diseases in later life, voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) has...

UNLABELLED The AIM of the study was to validate some of the imaging criteria for voiding dysfunction in children. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included a number of 55 children with voiding dysfunction symptoms. They were investigated clinically as well as through imaging techniques: renourinary ultrasound, voiding cystourethrography and cystometry. RESULTS The most common symptoms were ur...