PURPOSE Rigid and flexible cystoscopies are both routinely used in female patients. Literature is conflicting whether flexible cystoscopy is less painful compared to rigid cystoscopy. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate whether using flexible cystoscopy leads to less discomfort and pain compared to rigid cystoscopy in female patients who underwent first time cystoscopy. MATERIA...

PURPOSE In this European multicenter study we compared hexaminolevulinate (HAL) fluorescence cystoscopy and standard white light cystoscopy for the detection of carcinoma in situ (CIS) in patients suspected of having high risk bladder cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was a prospective controlled, within-patient comparison of standard and HAL fluorescence cystoscopy. Eligible patients ...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether narrow-band imaging (NBI) cystoscopy enhances the detection of non-muscle-invasive bladder tumours over standard white-light imaging (WLI) cystoscopy, as surveillance WLI is the standard method used to diagnose patients with recurrent bladder tumours, but they can be missed by WLI cystoscopy, possibly accounting for early recurrences. PATIENTS AND METHODS We eva...

OBJECTIVE Assessed the usefulness of virtual cystoscopy performed with multidetector computed tomography (CT) in patients with different urinary bladder pathologies compared to the conventional cystoscopy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighteen patients with different bladder pathologies, which consisted of 11 tumors, 3 diverticula, 2 trabecular changes and 2 stones, were assessed with conventional c...

OBJECTIVE To prospectively evaluate self-reported pain levels associated with diagnostic cystoscopy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients who underwent diagnostic cystoscopy and subsequently graded their pain level during the procedure were enrolled. Pain was graded on a Likert visual analog scale (VAS) of 1-10 where 0 = no pain and 10 = excruciating unbearable pain. Local lidocaine gel 2% was used...

Introduction Screening for bladder cancer in patients with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction is a challenge. Cystoscopy alone is not sufficient to detect bladder tumors in this patient group. We investigated the usefulness of combined cystoscopy and urine cytology. Materials and methods By a systematic chart review, we identified all patients with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfu...