Constitutive equations of cyclic strain and stress softening for materials with low internal stress levels are derived from the rate theory. The study shows that over the high stress and low temperature range where the description of plastic flow in cyclic softening can be approximated with activation over a single energy barrier, cyclic strain softening is well related to stress relaxation pro...

in this research, softening and ratcheting behaviors of ck20 alloy steel cylindrical shells were studied under displacement-control and force-control cyclic axial loading and the behavior of hysteresis curves of specimens was also investigated. experimental tests were performed by a servo-hydraulic instron 8802 machine. the mechanical properties of specimens were determined according to astm e8...

Accumulative Roll-Bonding (ARB) is one of the more recently developed techniques capable of producing bulk ultra-fine grained (ufg) metals. There are still many aspects of the behavior of ufg metals that lacks an in-depth understanding, such as a generalized view of the factors that govern the cyclic deformation mechanism(s). This study aims to advance the understanding of the cyclic deformatio...

The large strain nonlinear stress-strain behavior of thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPUs) exhibits strong hysteresis, rate dependence and softening. Thermoplastic polyurethanes are copolymers composed of hard and soft segments. The hard and soft segments phase separate to form a microstructure of hard and soft domains typically on a length scale of a few tens of nanometers. Studies have revealed ...

The response analysis of reinforced concrete (RC) structures subjected to strong earthquake motions requires material models that are able to simulate cyclic deformation and damage realistically. This paper presents the results of a study of pinching and softening behaviour in an RC frame subjected to cyclic loading. The experiment was conducted on a full-scale RC frame at Indian Institute of T...

This work explores multiaxial stress effects on fatigue crack nucleation and growth in filled natural rubber based on experiments using short thin-walled cylindrical specimens subjected to axial and twist displacements. Cyclic stress–strain response exhibits significant initial softening relative to the monotonic response, followed by a more gradual additional softening. Irreversible breakage o...

This study compares the capability of two different mathematical forms of the so-called softening variable to describe strain-induced stress softening observed within cyclic uniaxial tension of the human thoracic aorta. Specifically, the softening variable, which serves as the stress reduction factor, was considered to be tangent hyperbolic-based and error function-based. The mechanical respons...

A short-term flow, kind of softening of soil during cyclic loading, makes a perceivable impact on strain progression in saturated soil during cyclic loading. A short-term flow developed during cyclic mobility of soil can be seen from the stress-strain relationship observed during cyclic triaxial tests. After few cycles of loading soil starts to exhibit very low stiffness at the beginning of a l...