Paper concerns to impact on custom receipts of duty rate changing from single to differentiated ones by customs house for foreign producers. To get maximal custom receipts for achieving of social goal state may introduce differentiated duty rates for foreign producers of unique product. Success of this state policy will depend on effectiveness of incentive compatibility conditions for these pro...

Increased enforcement can displace crime to alternative lawbreaking methods. This paper examines a customs reform in the Philippines that raised enforcement against a specific method of avoiding import duties. Increased enforcement applied only to shipments from some countries, so shipments from other countries serve as a control group. Increased enforcement reduced the targeted duty-avoidance ...

performance of contract in many situations is not possible without cooperation from the side of the obligee, and he/she has a duty to do all acts which are necessary to make enable the obligor for contract performance. for example, the execution of medical contract depends on patient’s cooperation. all items of such duty are not capable to cite in different kinds of contracts and in some cases ...