the origins of sports traditionally dates back to its practice encouraged by religion, custom or militancy, and, therefore, was considered a wholly masculine practice. due to the inextricable link between sports and body management, nowadays, leisure and health have transcended their meaning beyond a certain gender and, consequently, sports has become a wholly ordinary practice for women. to at...

The paper contributes to the literature on the post-communist political economy of protest, and specifically to the question how governments handle public discontent with the outcomes of transition. The paper argues that the current economic crisis disrupts a key element of the post-Soviet political economy, workplace welfare. In the pre-crisis past, workplace welfare was found to contain worke...

I use 2009 public opinion survey data from Pakistan to show that the relationship between education and support for terrorism varies by gender. Specifically: 1) as women become more educated, they are less likely to support militancy relative to similarly educated men, whereas uneducated women are more likely to support militancy relative to uneducated men, controlling for religiosity, demograp...

5) With each spatial fix (within a product life cycle), new working-class formation and protest takes place in an increasingly competitive environment, making it more difficult to secure the resources needed to establish stable labor-capital accords and bring labor militancy under control. This thesis is consonant with the thesis that sees the semiperiphery (and increasingly the periphery) as a...

Abstract: The so-called Iranian revolutionary youth’s aspirations for martyrdom are not based merely on Islamist doctrines or Islamic ideologies. They readily place all fallen combatants in a ‘martyrdom box’, linking them to sacrality and claiming they feel martyrs via martyrs’ ghostly whispers. Through ethnographic journeys Iran, Lebanon Iraq, I unpack how craft the box’ communicate with argue...