The present study evaluated the effects of infected culture supernatant of erythrocytes, fractionation of culture supernatant and serum from dogs infected with Babesia gibsoni (B. gibsoni) on the maturation of canine reticulocytes in vitro. The SDS-PAGE demonstrated that significantly broader bands were generated by both the infected culture supernatant of erythrocytes and the serum from dogs c...

introduction: decidua as the nearest mother's tissue layer to the fetus which is in direct contact with the embryo has an important role in composing the appropriate microenvironment for protection of allogenic fetus from mother's immune response. in this study the effect of supernatant from culture of decidual cells on dendritic cells regarding the induction of t-cell allogenic proliferation r...

balb/c mice are highly susceptible to infection with the protozoan parasite leishmania major. this susceptibility has been attributed in part to the expansion of th2 cells and production of their cytokines, il-4 and il-10 and down-regulation of th1 cytokine, inf-γ. the inability of susceptible hosts to mount the immune response necessary to activate macrophage and destroy the parasites can be d...

BACKGROUND To investigate the role of mononuclear cells and their products on rat mesangial cell proliferation, we evaluated the effect of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) culture supernatant of patients with IgA nephropathy on rat mesangial cells 3[H]-thymidine uptake, and measured the concentration of cytokines in the supernatant to find out which cytokine in PBMC culture supernatant...

The recombinant leukotoxin (rLKT) of the bacterium Pasteurella haemolytica A1 was examined for its ability to protect cattle from experimental challenge with logarithmic-phase P. haemolytica. Six different vaccines were utilized in the experiment: P. haemolytica culture supernatant, P. haemolytica culture supernatant enriched with rLKT, rLKT alone, P. haemolytica culture supernatant enriched wi...

A 1.4 kb positive regulatory element (ETA(exp)) that controls staphylococcal exfoliative toxin A (sETA) transcription was cloned from Staphylococcus aureus. ETA(exp) is located upstream of the cloned 5.8 kb eta gene (etaJ1) obtained from the chomosomal DNA of S. aureus ZM, the standard ETA-producing strain. The cETA prepared from an Escherichia coli transformant into which the recombinant plasm...