the caspian sea contains great resources of oil and gas. the caspian sea is a 700- mile- long body of water in central asia, land located between azerbaijan, iran, kazakhstan, russia and turkmenistan. iran was challenges and opportunities in the caspian region. key question in this thesis includes three section that first question, opportunities of iran in the caspian region, second question ch...

iv abstract this study examined the linguistic behaviors of two iranian efl teachers each of them teaching learners of two similar proficiency levels, a beginner level and an intermediate level, to investigate the relationship between the learners proficiency levels and the amounts and purposes for l1 use by the two teachers. the study was carried out to investigate whether there were differe...

the present study was carried on to investigate the use of face-keeping strategies in reaction to complaints by male and female in two different cultures, persian and american english. to see if apology strategies are affected by cultural, contextual preferences and gender of interlocutors in two distinct languages of persian and american english. the hypotheses to be tested were 1) ifids, acce...

abstract: the present study is an attempt to find out cultural exophoric references in iranian high-school elt textbooks and touch stone series to compare the frequency of occurrence of such references in these books. the purpose is to find out which of the series of the books under investigation impose a greater referential burden on efl learners as far as their reading comprehension of the ...

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در تعیین مناسبت کاربری اراضی شهری (urban land use suitability)کنونی به لحاظ دخیل بودن معیارهای مختلف، پیچیدگی (complexity) محیط پیرامون و عدم قطعیت uncertainty)) در اطلاعات به نظر می رسد استفاده از یک سیستم خبره مکانی فازی (spatial fuzzy expert system ) دارای انعطاف بیشتری نسبت به روشهای عددی مرسوم می باشد و هوش و نبوغ انسانی را در تصمیم گیریها بهتر منعکس کرده و نتایج مفیدی را در پی خواهد داشت....

In this paper, with the aim of evaluating the position of cultural spaces in contemporary urban development plans, it is first to calculate the extent of the shortage of any cultural needs with the standard per capita amount; Then, using Topsis Technique, based on the current per capita levels of educational, religious, social, tourism, recreational and sports services in detailed plans, rankin...