iran’s vast common natural gas resources and the necessity to extract and export it as liquefied natural gas (lng) to distances more than 3000km opens a lucrative field for researchers to optimize lng cycles. in this article heat integration in cryogenic cycles by determining interacycle partition temperature and optimizing refrigeration features like subcooler, presaturator, aftercooler, reboi...

In this study, fatigue crack growth rates (FCGR) of 7% nickel steel at room and cryogenic temperatures were evaluated using damage-coupled finite element analysis (FEA). In order to perform the computational fatigue analysis effectively, methods for coupling damage to FEA are introduced and adopted. A hybrid method including the damage-coupled constitutive model and jump-in-cycles procedure was...

An experimental evaluation of the structural health monitoring capability of piezoelectric wafer active sensors on composite structures at cryogenic temperatures is presented. The piezoelectric wafer active sensor–based electromechanical impedance and the pitch–catch methods were first qualified for cryogenic temperatures using piezoelectric wafer active sensor–instrumented composite specimens ...

Iran’s vast common natural gas resources and the necessity to extract and export it as Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) to distances more than 3000Km opens a lucrative field for researchers to optimize LNG cycles. In this article heat integration in cryogenic cycles by determining interacycle partition temperature and optimizing refrigeration features like Subcooler, Presaturator, aftercooler, reboi...

Simple methods are presented for handling, mounting, storage and transportation of crystals at cryogenic temperatures. They are easy to learn and have a number of technical and operational advantages over currently popular methods. In particular, the temperature of the crystal throughout all manipulations is known; it is shown never to rise above that of the warmest component of the cryogenic s...

In this paper we present a method for low signal S11 parameter vector measurements of a cryogenic device in the microwave frequency range. In particularly, the intermediate frequency (IF) impedance of MgB2 Hot-electron Bolometer (HEB) mixers was investigated over a frequency range of 100 MHz to 10 GHz. A new cryogenic calibration technique which employs the HEB as a calibration kit and two cons...

Abstract Cryogenics has an important influence on industry and science. In this study, optimum working conditions are obtained by applying exergy analysis local optimization methods to two- three-stage vapor compression cascade cryogenic cycle. The first second laws of thermodynamics, analysis, applied the By considering needs demands, it is possible create new cycles adding devices and/or stag...

We introduce an improved microwave calibration method for use in a cryogenic environment, based on a traditional three-standard calibration, the Thru-Reflect-Line (TRL) calibration. The modified calibration method takes advantage of additional information from multiple measurements of an ensemble of realizations of a superconducting resonator, as a new pseudo-Open standard, to correct errors in...

Rapidly-frozen hydrated (cryopreserved) specimens combined with cryo-scanning x-ray fluorescence microscopy provide an ideal approach for investigating elemental distributions in biological cells and tissues. However, because cryopreservation does not deactivate potentially infectious agents associated with Risk Group 2 biological materials, one must be concerned with contamination of expensive...

New generation x-ray instruments for spacecraft such as ASTRO-E and CONSTELLATION-X have very specialized requirements, notably operation at cryogenic temperatures. Luxel Corporation, under a NASA Phase I SBIR contract, undertook demonstrating feasibility of producing polyimide films suitable for use as x-ray filter substrates specifically optimized for cryogenic applications. 5000Å thick polyi...