cry genes encoding cry proteins toxic to lepidoptera, coleoptera and diptera species were studied in thirty seven b. thuringiensis strains isolated from twelve naturally infested heliothis armigera larvae. to further confirm the isolates, two groups of species-indicative biochemical tests were applied while discriminative biochemical tests being employed to figure out the repetitive strains. a ...

ABSTRACT- In order to produce transgenic rice lines lacking selectable marker gene, biolistic co-transformation technique using gold nanoparticles was adopted. In the first step, the efficiency of different sizes of gold particles was evaluated. The results showed that the efficiency of the nanoparticles in the transformation was comparable to that of the micro particles. Subsequently, two sepa...

bacillus thuringiensis strains were isolated from various soil samples collected from different regions of kahramanmaraş in turkey and were characterized by their colony morphology, pcr method with cryiab/ac, cryid, cry2 and cyt2 primers, and sds-page of crystal proteins with 130-140 and 60-70 kda molecular weights. plasmid profiles of selected isolates were also analyzed. among the cry genes s...

A novel delta-endotoxin gene from a lepidopteran-specific Bacillus thuringiensis serovar galleriae strain was cloned, and the full sequence of the cry gene was determined. The cloned 6.5-kb DNA fragment included the full sequence of the cry gene and three open reading frames located upstream of the cry gene. The gene, designated cry9Ec1, encodes a polypeptide of 1154 amino acid residues with a ...

The potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella Zeller) (PTM) is a destructive pest. Bacillus thuringiensis cry genes encode crystal proteins that have toxic characteristics against PTM. aim of the present study was to develop PTM resistant cv. Agria using synthetic Bt cry1Ab gene. transformation vector constructed by inserting gene into pBI121 binary expression vector. Agrobacterium tumefaciens...

The insecticidal crystal protein (Cry) genes of Bacillus thuringiensis are a key gene resource for generating transgenic crops with pest resistance. However, many cry genes cannot be expressed or form crystals in mother cells. Here, we report a novel Cry protein gene, cry65Aa1, which exists in an operon that contains a downstream gene encoding a hypothetical protein ORF2. We demonstrated that O...

On the basis of the known cry gene sequences of Bacillus thuringiensis, three sets of primers were designed from four conserved blocks found in the delta-endotoxin-coding region. The primer pairs designed amplify the regions between blocks 1 and 5, 2 and 5, and 1 and 4. In silico analyses indicated that 100% of the known three-domain cry gene sequences can be amplified by these sets of primers....

cry (cryptochrome) is an important clock gene, and recent data indicate that it encodes a critical circadian photoreceptor in Drosophila. A mutant allele, cry(b), inhibits circadian photoresponses. Restricting CRY expression to specific fly tissues shows that CRY expression is needed in a cell-autonomous fashion for oscillators present in different locations. CRY overexpression in brain pacemak...

Drosophila melanogaster males deficient for the crystal (cry) locus of the Y chromosome that carry between 15 and 60 copies of the X-linked Stellate (Ste) gene are semisterile, have elevated levels of nondisjunction, produce distorted sperm genotype ratios (meiotic drive), and evince hyperactive transcription of Ste in the testes. Ste seems to be the active element in this system, and it has be...

The theory that bioactive gibberellins (GAs) act as " inhibitors of inhibitors " of plant growth was based originally on the slender pea mutant (genotype la cry-s), but the molecular nature of this mutant has remained obscure. Here we show that the genes LA and CRY encode DELLA proteins, previously characterised in other species (Arabidopsis and grasses) as " repressors " of growth, which are d...