24-hour samples of pm1 (submicron particles, aerodynamic diameters ≤1 μm) and pm2.5(fine particles, aerodynamic diameters ≤ 2.5 μm) were collected at a quasi-rural area in racibórz (1 january-30 june 2011). the samples were analysed for carbon (organic and elemental), water-soluble ions (na+,nh4 +, k+, mg2+, ca2+, cl-, no3 -, so4 2-) and concentrations of 21 elements with a carbon analyser (sun...

We combine the idea of movement of magnetic flux tubes in the stellar interiors with the analysis of crustal physics of accreting neutron stars in lowand high-mass X-ray binaries to explain the bimodal magnetic field distribution of binary pulsars. We propose that this distribution may result from different crustal properties of neutron stars with different accretion rates and amounts of accret...

Context. Both superbursters and soft X-ray transients probe the process of deep crustal heating in compact stars. It was recently shown that the transfer of matter from crust to core in a strange star can heat the crust and ignite superbursts provided certain constraints on the strange quark matter equation of state are fulfilled. Aims. We derive corresponding constraints on the equation of sta...

We study thermal states of transiently accreting neutron stars (with mean accretion rates Ṁ ∼ 10 − 10 M⊙ yr ) determined by the deep crustal heating of accreted matter sinking into stellar interiors. We formalize a direct correspondence of this problem to the problem of cooling neutron stars. Using a simple toy model we analyze the most important factors which affect the thermal states of accre...

Airborne particulate matter along with volatile organic compounds, heavy metals, and other compounds have raised many concerns to many countries including Iran. In this study, the concentrations of seven heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Co, Ni, Pb, Zn, and Al) associated with PM10 have been investigated during normal and dusty days from September to February 2012. The mean PM10 concentrations on the norma...

The cooling theory of isolated neutron stars is reviewed. The main cooling regulators are discussed, first of all, operation of direct Urca process (or similar processes in exotic phases of dense matter) and superfluidity in stellar interiors. The prospects to constrain gross parameters of supranuclear matter in neutron star interiors by confronting cooling theory with observations of isolated ...

Quiescence and burst emission and relativistic particle winds of soft gamma-ray repeaters (SGRs) have been widely interpreted to result from ultrastrongly magnetized neutron stars. In this magnetar model, the magnetic energy and gravitational energy of the neutron stars are suggested as the energy sources of all the emission and winds. However, Harding, Contopoulos & Kazanas (1999) have shown t...

Both superbursters and soft X-ray transients probe the thermal structure of the crust on compact stars and are sensitive to the process of deep crustal heating. It was recently shown that the transfer of matter from crust to core in a strange star can heat the crust by deconfinement and ignite superbursts provided certain constraints on the strange quark matter equation of state are fulfilled. ...

Source apportionment of total suspended particulate matter (TSPM) and associated heavy metals has been carried out for the city of Delhi using the Chemical Mass Balance Model, Version 8 (CMB8), as well as principle component analysis (PCA) of SPSS (Varimax Rotated Factor Matrix method) in coarseand fine-size mode. Urban particles were collected using a five-stage impactor at six sites in the wi...