poets and scholars played a great role in enlightening people and making them familiar with mashroote revolution and the political events related to capitalism. muhammad taghi bahar and ma’roof rosafi are two poets who were committed to their land and nation. both became the members of parliament and both were journalists and did their best in defending their nation and opposing capitalism and ...

Conflict framing is key in political communication. Politicians use conflict their online messages (e.g., criticizing other politicians) and journalists coverage reporting on tensions). Conflicts can take a variety of forms provoke different reactions. However, the literature still lacks systematic theoretically-grounded conceptual framework that accounts for multi-dimensionality frames. Based ...

Abstract While nationalism theorists have mostly rejected primordialism, politicians and the wider public typically a primordialist essentialist understanding of national history. On eve Russia's 2022 invasion Ukraine, Vladimir Putin invoked several tropes so as to justify military action, which is unsurprising in politician. Yet Western scholars criticizing Putin's historical narratives newspa...