due to the existence of different criticism criteria in different eras, the critics have applied different and sometimes opposing methods in literary criticism. the present article studies the popular methods of literary criticism and the evolution of one special method which has been called preference in some era and comparison in some other era.

There is a criticism of the isomorphism-invariance criterion for logical terms that is expressed in several variations in the literature on logical terms. The criticism in most cases was aimed against the criterion of invariance under isomorphism, but it can be seen as applying to criteria of invariance under other transformations just as well. The gist of the objection is that invariance crite...

this paper intends to analyze the attitudes of translation criticism researchers in order to present a theoretical map for translation criticism studies, extract the investigators' learning resources, infer translation criticism criteria, and determine the kind, quality, and degree of interrelationship between translation criticism variables. the linguists, translatologists, and translator...

shiite scholars have always been concerned with the question of authenticity of hadiths of infallible-innocent personalities from the very beginning. text criticism and consideration of contextual criticism of hadiths is a significant component in this connection. evidence available indicates that text criticism of hadiths, whose consideration had been rooted in shi‘a imams’ directions, has had...

The present corpus-driven study addresses the current situation of translation criticisms published in print or online in the Iranian media. A sample of 17 criticisms (roughly 68,000 words altogether) from a variety of valid media outlets was compiled. Having been categorized into those with, and those without an ex- plicit theoretical framework, the criticisms were examined on two levels...

Context: Many people and organisations rely upon software safety and security standards to provide confidence in software intensive systems. For example, people rely upon the Common Criteria for Information Technology Security Evaluation to establish justified and sufficient confidence that an evaluated information technology product’s contributions to security threats and threat management are...