In this study, we assessed the effects of chronic defoliation on radial, height and volume growth of Crimean pine (Pinus nigra Arnold) trees of the pine processionary moth [Thaumetopoea wilkinsoni Tams (Lepidoptera:Thaumetopoeidae)] in western Turkey Crimean pine tree ring chronologies were analyzed for evidence of the pine processionary moth (PPM). Tree ring widths from non-defoliated Crimean ...

Background and aims: Evidence-based education, integrating professional knowledge of current best evidence in making decisions about how to deliver the training. Using traditional methods of teaching can bring learning to deviate so the use of modern methods and scientific evidence crucial role in the decision-making training. The first level is placed on prevention education and Special educat...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Crimean - Congo hemorrhagic fever is an acute viral hemorrhagic fever with considerable mortality. Despite increasing knowledge about hemorrhagic fever viruses, the pathogenesis of Crimean -Congo hemorrhagic fever and causes of death were not well described. We aimed to evaluate whether there were electrocardiographic parameters designating mortality among these patients...

OBJECTIVE Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever is an acute viral hemorrhagic fever with a high mortality rate. Despite increasing knowledge about hemorrhagic fever viruses, little is known about the pathogenesis of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever. In this study, we measured serum adenosine deaminase and xanthine oxidase levels in Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever patients. METHODS Serum adenosine de...

368 www.thelancet.com/infection Vol 17 April 2017 1 Haider S, Hassali AM, Iqbal Q, et al. Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever in Pakistan. Lancet Infect Dis 2016; 16: 1333. 2 Müller MA, Devignot S, Lattwein E, et al. Evidence for widespread infection of African bats with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever-like viruses. Sci Rep 2016; 6: 26637. 3 Mourya DT, Yadav PD, Shete AM, et al. Cross-sectional se...

BACKGROUND Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever was rarely reported from Iran before 1999. In a recent outbreak, the disease has been reported from different provinces of Iran, especially from Sistan and Baluchestan. Ribavirin has been recommended by World Health Organization as a potential therapeutic modality for Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever. This study was conducted to determine the clinical o...

1. Grard G, Drexler JF, Fair J, Muyembe JJ, Wolfe ND, Drosten C, et al. Re-emergence of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in Central Africa. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2011;5:e1350. http://dx.doi. org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001350 2. Mild M, Simon M, Albert J, Mirazimi A. Towards an understanding of the migration of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus. J Gen Virol. 2010;91:199–207. http://dx.doi....

To confirm the presence of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Sudan, we tested serum of 8 patients with hemorrhagic fever in a rural hospital in 2008. Reverse transcription-PCR identified Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus. Its identification as group III lineage indicated links to virus strains from South Africa, Mauritania, and Nigeria.

Turkey is one of the countries in which Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever is frequently seen and most of the cases are reported between April and August. We describe the first case of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in the winter season, when Hyalomma tick activity is absent, from Turkey.