Exposure of neonatal mice to appropriate, cross-reactive Id (CRI) preparations alters immune responsiveness, ameliorates pathology, and prolongs survival of animals upon subsequent Schistosoma mansoni infection. However, because schistosome infections profoundly affect host immunobiology, which responses are effected by neonatal Id exposure alone and which responses are influenced by infection ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Patients with unilateral significant carotid artery stenosis present with a variable intracranial hemodynamic status. In the majority of patients, hemodynamics are normal because of sufficient collateral flow. One subgroup shows poor ipsilateral hemodynamics because of a severely reduced blood supply, whereas in another subgroup of patients a steal phenomenon from the con...

A field experiment was conducted at the Regional Wheat Research Centre (RWRC) of the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh for 2 consecutive years during 2006-07 and 2007-08 with the objective to find out the optimum nutrient management practice on total dry matter production (above ground part) of each component crop of potatomungbean-t. aman rice cropping pattern. Tw...

Defining the standard Boolean operations on fuzzy Booleans with the compositional rule of inference (CRI) or Zadeh's extension principle gives counter-intuitive results. We introduce and motivate a slight adaptation of the CRI, which only effects the results for non-normal fuzzy sets. It is shown that the adapted CRI gives the expected results for the standard Boolean operations on fuzzy Boolea...

background: peripherally inserted central catheter (picc) is commonly used in nursing for patients with leukemia. the purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors of catheter-related infection (cri) in patients with leukemia and to provide some nursing strategies based on the results. methods: clinical data from 140 patients with leukemia between may 2014 and july 2016 in haiyang p...

BACKGROUND Meta-analyses were performed to examine the utility of ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET), and a combination of both (PET-CT) for the staging and surveillance of melanoma patients. METHOD Patient-level data from 74 studies containing 10,528 patients (between January 1, 1990, and June, 30, 2009) were used to derive characteristics of the di...

BACKGROUND UK estimates of age related macular degeneration (AMD) occurrence vary. AIMS To estimate prevalence, number and incidence of AMD by type in the UK population aged ≥50 years. METHODS Age-specific prevalence rates of AMD obtained from a Bayesian meta-analysis of AMD prevalence were applied to UK 2007-2009 population data. Incidence was estimated from modelled age-specific prevalenc...

Compensatory reserve was measured in baboons (n = 13) during hemorrhage (Hem) and lower-body negative pressure (LBNP) using a machine-learning algorithm developed to estimate compensatory reserve by detecting reductions in central blood volume during LBNP. The algorithm calculates compensatory reserve index (CRI) from normovolemia (CRI = 1) to cardiovascular decompensation (CRI = 0). The hypoth...

Evaluation of tests for the diagnosis of childhood pulmonary tuberculosis (CPTB) is complicated by the absence of an accurate reference test. We present a Bayesian latent class analysis in which we evaluated the accuracy of 5 diagnostic tests for CPTB. We used data from a study of 749 hospitalized South African children suspected to have CPTB from 2009 to 2014. The following tests were used: my...

When A/J mice are immunized to p-azobenzenearsonate (ABA) 1 coupled to a protein, such as keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), 20-70% of the anti-ABA antibodies produced bear a common idiotype, known as the cross-reactive idiotype (CRI; 1, 2). CRI is absent in the serum of A/J mice immune to antigens other than ABA. In many other mouse strains, immunization with ABA-KLH results in high levels of an...