Not too many years ago, scholars could reasonably speak of the U.S. Supreme Court as being among the most activist in American history. Both empirical and normative scholarship was driven by the sense of a Court that was aggressive in the assertion of its own supremacy and active in the exercise of the power of judicial review. The Court under Chief Justice John Roberts cannot be viewed in the ...

The Supreme Court decision on school desegregation 25 years ago-Brown v. Board o f ~ducatio-ushered in an era in which the law courts have carried an ever-growing share of the burden of social reform and policy change in this country. Even though several current members of the Supreme Court were appointed as "strict constructionists," and think of themselves as not in the business of setting so...

yarghv was the exclusive mongol jurisdiction court to resolve claims and disputes in various fields and was formed in most areas of the mongol empire, including the patriarch of iran (654-750 ah). the court mostly took place for political and some economical and social crimes, in mongol military camps. in this court, some methods similar to islamic courts were used, such as testimony, forced co...

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Court workflow automation has been proliferating in justice system of almost all jurisdictions around the world. The reasons, among others, are its efficiency in managing case files, retrieving case information within seconds, the effective integration between organizations and speedy justice dispensation. It allows justice to take place virtually using the advanced technologies electronic case...

The Supreme Court has consistently stated that federal appellate courts may issue the writ of mandamus as an interlocutory remedy only under "extraordinary" circumstances," to correct a lower court order that is "not mere error but usurpation of power."2 The Court has explained that mandamus cannot serve as a substitute for normal appeal and should be available "only where appeal is a clearly i...

Although a 1996 U.S. Supreme Court decision affirmed that therapists cannot be compelled to testify in federal proceedings about patients' disclosures, a footnote could be interpreted as creating a "dangerous patient exception" when there is a serious threat of harm. This column describes circuit courts' differing views about whether such an exception exists and the value of an exception. Altho...

the institutions of civil procedure have a special functions and it is necessary that this functions always be observe. two institutions are organize for control of court dictums. appeal court is for control of judgment from fact and law aspect wholly and supreme court is only for law aspect. however in practice we can see that supreme court at same cases control the judgment from fact aspect.i...