A global ocean general circulation model (GCM) with idealized geometry (two basins of equal size, Marotzke and Willebrand, 1991) is coupled to an energy balance atmospheric model with nonlinear parameterizations of meridional atmospheric transports of heat and moisture. With the coupled model that prescribes the atmospheric heat and moisture transports, the North Atlantic meridional mass overtu...

The coupled ocean{atmosphere interaction and predictability associated with the tropical El Ni~ no phenomenon has motivated researchers to seek analogous phenomena in the midlatitudes as well. Are there midlatitude coupled ocean{atmosphere modes? Is there signiicant predictability in the midlatitudes? The authors address these questions in the broader context of trying to understand the mechani...

The coupled atmosphere-ocean system defines the environment we live. The research of this complex, nonlinear and multiscale system is not only scientifically challenging but also practically important. We consider a coupled atmosphere-ocean model, which involves hydrodynamics, thermodynamics and nonautonomous interaction at the air-sea interface. First, we show that the coupled atmosphere-ocean...

It is well known that the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) shifts in response to remote perturbations in the atmospheric energy balance, with shifts roughly in proportion to changes in the cross-equatorial atmospheric energy flux. However, atmospheric and oceanic energy fluxes in low latitudes are mechanically coupled, and the oceanic energy flux dominates the atmospheric energy flux. Here...

Starting from the assumption that the atmosphere is the primary source of variability internal to the midlatitude atmosphere–ocean system on intraseasonal to interannual timescales, the authors construct a simple stochastically forced, one-dimensional, linear, coupled energy balance model. The coupled system is then dissected into partially coupled and uncoupled systems in order to quantify the...

in this research different types of al2o3 were used as supports to prepare catalysts for dehydrogenation of isobutane to isobutene. these supports were al2o3 from merck, axen and gamma al2o3 synthesized from al(oh)3. sn/pt/al2o3 catalysts were prepared by sequential impregnation, at first pt and then sn was deposited. characterization of catalysts was performed by x-ray powder diffraction (xrd)...

We designed and fabricated planar, four-terminal, atmospheric, capacitively coupled (CC), helium RF micro plasma devices (MPDs). The operational characteristics of the MPDs are investigated. The microplasma field effect transistors (FETs) are fabricated and investigated, showing that the plasma current can be controlled by a gate bias. The stability of the MPDs is tested under harsh conditions ...