in many countries, particularly developing countries, economic reforms, especially privatization, are considered as a strategic approach. the growth of the government decreases the competition in the market, and so, some fields should be privatized in order to create the competition.  by moving towards privatization and the changes in competition methods and the presentation of the world trade,...

In many countries, particularly developing countries, economic reforms, especially privatization, are considered as a strategic approach. The growth of the government decreases the competition in the market, and so, some fields should be privatized in order to create the competition.  By moving towards privatization and the changes in competition methods and the presentation of the World Trade,...

This paper explores the relationship between competition policy, experience of the application of competition policy, the intensity of local competition and the standard of living. Perception data from the World Economic Forum is used to measure the intensity of local competition. Richer and larger countries in general introduce competition policy earlier than smaller and poorer countries, and ...

abstract: after the end of the cold war, were came up different views about nature and how to continue rival in international relations. some scholars of these fields were believe that with the end of ideological competition in the macro level in the world and with any rival hegemonic there is not any basis for more competition between countries and power blocks in the world . so it consider th...

Background: Taxes are and form the necessary basis for any of organization in human society. Aims: The aim paper is to quantify outputs tax competition among European countries. Specifically, we focus on studying International Tax Competitiveness Index (ITCI) area assessing how this aspect time dependent. First, try find out whether there a statistically significant relationship overall ranking...

This paper explores the empirical relationship between unemployment rate and product market competition in eighteen OECD countries through three sets of quantitative analyses. We find that the effect of competition on employment depends on the existing competition intensity and the relationship between the unemployment and competition appears to be inverted-N shape—in countries where existing c...