new locality data are given for eight species of geotrupidae and 65 species and sub-species of scarabaeidae dung beetles from iran. the species onthophagus (palaeonthophagus) anatolicus petrovitz, 1962, and onitis alexis ssp. septentrionalis balthasar, 1942, are recorded for the first time from iran.

The genus Holocephalus Hope is revised and now contains fi ve species: H. cristatus (Gillet), H. eridanus (Olivier), H. julieni sp.nov. H. sculptus (Gillet), and H. simoni sp.nov. All taxa are described and illustrated. A key to species of Holocephalus is included. Lectotypes are designated for H. eridanus and H. sculptus. Scarabaeus eridanus Olivier is designated as the type species for the ge...

The external and internal male genitalia of 327 species of 11 tribes of the subfamily Scarabaeinae, including species of Deltochilini, Scarabaeini, Gymnopleurini, Ateuchini, and Coprini, among others, were examined. Descriptions of the variations in the genital segment, the aedeagus, the internal sac, and its sclerites and raspules are presented. An exhaustive comparison of structures, names, a...

Scarabaeine dung beetles are the dominant dung feeding group of insects and are widely used as model organisms in conservation, ecology and developmental biology. Due to the conflicts among 13 recently published phylogenies dealing with the higher-level relationships of dung beetles, the phylogeny of this lineage remains largely unresolved. In this study, we conduct rigorous phylogenetic analys...