Segmentation and tracking of cells in long-term time-lapse experiments has emerged as a powerful method to understand how tissue shape changes emerge from the complex choreography of constituent cells. However, methods to store and interrogate the large datasets produced by these experiments are not widely available. Furthermore, recently developed methods for relating tissue shape changes to c...

Geological models of subduction zones impact thinking about many of the central problems in the structure, dynamics, chemistry, and history of the solid earth. Should those models change, the effects will reach across the earth sciences. We are currently in the midst of such a change, brought on by several causes. First, the earth science community recently began an organized, multi-disciplinar...

7 A complete answer is given to a problem posed in 1988 by Ortega concerning convergent splittings of 8 symmetric matrices. 9 © 2008 Published by Elsevier Inc. 10 AMS classification: Primary 65F10; Secondary 15A 11

A recent study reveals that the propagation of intercellular calcium signals is closely associated with the generation of convergent extension movements during Xenopus gastrulation. Such signals provide a mechanism whereby large populations of cells can communicate to generate orchestrated cell movements.

Epithelial cells frequently display--in addition to the common apical-basolateral polarity--a polarization within the plane of the epithelium. This is commonly referred to as planar cell polarity (PCP) or tissue polarity. Examples of vertebrate PCP include epithelial patterning in the skin and inner ear, and also the morphogenetic movements of mesenchymal cells during convergent extension at ga...

We argue that energy minimization can explain the pattern of cell movements in the morphogenetic process known as convergent extension provided that the cell-cell adhesive energy has a certain type of anisotropy, which we describe. This single simple property suffices to cause the cell elongation, cell alignment, and lengthening of a cellular array that characterize convergent extension. We sho...

During development, vertebrate embryos undergo dramatic changes in shape. The lengthening and narrowing of a field of cells, termed convergent extension, contributes to a variety of morphogenetic processes. Focusing on frogs and fish, we review the different cellular mechanisms and the well-conserved signaling pathways that underlie this process.

Wnt genes play important roles in regulating patterning and morphogenesis during vertebrate gastrulation. In zebrafish, slb/wnt11 is required for convergence and extension movements, but not cell fate specification during gastrulation. To determine if other Wnt genes functionally interact with slb/wnt11, we analysed the role of ppt/wnt5 during zebrafish gastrulation. ppt/wnt5 is maternally prov...

in this paper we introduce strongly $left[  v_{2},lambda_{2},m,pright]-$summable double vsequence spaces via orlicz function and examine someproperties of the resulting these spaces. also we give natural relationshipbetween these spaces and $s_{lambda_{2}}-$statistical convergence.