the current paper aims to examine the liability observed in sphere of presentation of goods and services with the infraction of special codes and regulations related to advertising or general codes or regulations of liability with contractual or non-contractual basis. specifically, there are not any mentions about all kinds of these liabilities in the rules of iran. the current research, which ...

the principle of “non-retractable agreement between contractual and non-contractual responsibility” is a traditional rule in the french law and countries adapting the french law of harmony and homogeneity; this rule means that if the claim for petition is based on the mistake, i.e., if it was meant to be based on contractual liability, rather than liability enforced in accordance with establish...

party autonomy and parties freedom in choosing the governing law to non-contractual liabilities, when this litigation has accompanied with international elements , is one of the innovations european law during approval the rome ii regulationwhich facilitates the simultaneous and balanced access to certainty and flexibility as two conflicting interests , and is accordance withmost recent theorie...

Introduction. The crisis state of the domestic economy and a number other factors require enterprises levels management to take prompt drastic measures aimed at increasing level management. One promising proven directions for efficiency is increase qualitative growth accounting system internal control system. most important difficult areas work (determining final results financial economic acti...

The COVID-19 pandemic has meant that business and contractual relationships have been disrupted. also there are legal liabilities owed to disruption, cancellations, or the imposed halt of everyday life. We discuss force majeure frustration in contract cases where circumstances changed due unnatural events such as impact on interruption, liability insurance. scope insurance coverage for catastro...

External debt accrues as a result of borrowing by Australian residents from residents of other countries. It includes the borrowings of both the private and government sectors. Net external debt represents gross debt less lending by Australian residents to non-residents. Debt, however, is not the only form of external liability. Foreigners can also hold equity claims in the form of share portfo...