patients and methods the current quasi-experimental study was conducted on 96 eligible females, who were allocated either to the case or the control group and were selected from homes in the border of zahedan city (southeast of iran) during 2010. convenience sampling by door-to-door visits was used for finding eligible cases. a ttm-based self-administrated family planning questionnaire was used...

OBJECTIVE To compare women in the child bearing age for the years 1983, 1990, 1997 regarding their use of contraceptives and the variations in the source of intrauterine contraceptive devices, as it was recently observed that women are more likely to use intrauterine contraceptive devices. METHODS Three national surveys carried out in 1983, 1990, 1997 were compared. The samples selected in th...

Background: Intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) is the most commonly used method of contraception in many countries. Despite the availability of many generations of IUDs with variable shapes and configurations, side effects and complications are frequent. We hypothesize that a modified IUD design with a fundal seeking effect will nullify the side effects and the complications of the curren...

Worldwide, over 100 million women rely on intrauterine contraceptive devices for contraception [1]. Removal of intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUC) is typically an uncomplicated procedure, requiring simply grasping the IUC strings and pulling gently [2,3]. Missing IUC strings, i.e., IUC strings that are not visible at the external cervical os, are a commonly encountered complication of IUC ...

Cervical smears from 293 users of intrauterine contraceptive devices attending family planning clinics in East Fife, Dundee, and Angus were stained by Papanicolaou and Gram's methods and examined for actinomyces-like organisms. Of the 128 women using plastic devices, 40 gave smears positive for these organisms. In contrast only two positive smears were obtained from the 165 women using devices ...

There is a need for long-acting birth control methods. Copper-bearing intrauterine contraceptive devices do not have systemic side effects and they are appropriate for parous women who have no excess menstrual flow or cramps at baseline and who have low risk for sexually transmitted infections. Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine systems release levonorgestrel directly into uterine cavity. Th...

A total of 1245 women had a copper 7 intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD) inserted in 1971-3 were followed up for three years (22 761-5 women months of use). After 24 months 483 women elected to continue with the same copper 7 (continuation group), and 183 had their copper 7 replaced with a new one (replacement group). The subsequent pregnancy and expulsion rates were both significantly lowe...

In recent years there has been an upsurge of interest in the intrauterine contraceptive devices (I.U.C.D.) both as a means of controlling the world population explosion and as another contraceptive for use in routine family planning. The characteristic of the intrauterine device method which disti'nguishes it from all other methods of contraception is that its' effectiveness is largely independ...