When a small frontoparallel surface (a test strip) is surrounded by a larger slanted surface (an inducer), the test strip is perceived as slanted in the direction opposite to the inducer. This has been called the depth-contrast effect, but we call it the slant-contrast effect. In nearly all demonstrations of this effect, the inducer's slant is specified by stereoscopic signals; and other signal...

The role of disparity-perspective cue conflict in depth contrast was examined. A central square and a surrounding frame were observed in a stereoscope. Five conditions were compared: (1) only disparity was introduced into either the centre or surround stimulus, (2) only perspective was introduced into the centre or surround, (3) concordant perspective and disparity were introduced into the cent...

The precise structure of speech sound representations is still a matter of debate. In the present neurobiological study, we compared predictions about differential sensitivity to speech contrasts between models that assume full specification of all phonological information in the mental lexicon with those assuming sparse representations (only contrastive or otherwise not predictable information...

The conflict adaptation account proposes that participants adjust attention to target and distracting stimuli in response to conflict. This is argued to explain the proportion congruent effect, wherein the congruency effect decreases as the proportion of conflicting incongruent trials increases. Some reports further argue that this conflict adaptation process can be context-specific. This paper...

There are conflicting results regarding the effect of aging on second-order motion processing (i.e., motion defined by attributes other than luminance, such as contrast). Two studies (Habak and Faubert, 2000; Tang and Zhou, 2009) found that second-order motion processing was more vulnerable to aging than first-order motion processing. Conversely, Billino et al. (2011) recently found that aging ...

The data bearing on the magnocellular or transient system deficit theory of dyslexia (Lovegrove et al., 1986, 1990; Livingstone et al., 1991) are highly conflicting. While some studies have produced results compatible with this theory (e.g. Lovegrove et al., 1982; Livingstone et al., 1991) other studies have yielded seemingly incompatible results (e.g. Smith et al., 1986; Victor et aZ., 1993; G...

Conflict styles are typically seen as a response to particular situations. By contrast, we argue that individual conflict styles may shape an employee's social environment , affecting the level of ongoing conflict and thus his or her experience of stress. Using data from a hospital-affiliated clinical department, we find that those who use a more integrative style experience lower levels of tas...

Background: Considering the crucial role of healthy communication and adherence to the ethical principles of workplace, this study aims to investigate the association between workaholism and occupational ethics with the mediating role of work-family conflict among the medical staff members of health centers in Bojnourd County. Material and Methods: This is a descriptive-correlational study. Th...