gene identification represents the first step to a better understanding of the physiological role of the underlying protein and disease pathways, which in turn serves as a starting point for developing therapeutic interventions. familial hypercholesterolemia is a hereditary metabolic disorder characterized by high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. hypercholesterolemia is a quantitativ...

context this systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to determine the prevalence (by overall relative frequency) and clinical information of the behcet’s disease in middle east and north africa (mena) and it has an important effect on the health policy and performing complementary studies in future. evidence acquisition we performed this systematic literature review from several datab...

age-related macular degeneration (amd) is the leading cause of blindness in old subjects. it is a multifactorial disease with both environmental and genetic factors playing some role in its pathogenesis. similar to many other genetic diseases, the inheritance pattern of amd does not fit into simple mendelian rules. these diseases are caused by the presence of multiple genetic factors and are ca...

Introduction: Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia worldwide. The modalities to diagnose AD are generally expensive and limited. Both the central nervous system (CNS) and the retina are derived from the cranial neural crest; therefore, changes in retinal layers may reflect changes in the CNS tissue. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) machine can show delicate retinal layer...

Frozen shoulder (FS) or adhesive capsulitis is a common disease which causes pain, difficulty and restriction in the movement of the shoulder joint due to unclear complex etiology. The everyday tasks such as bathing, dressing and driving become difficult. It affects both men and women especially in their 40s and 60s. The duration of the disease varies from one patient to another and it may last...