theoretically and empirically, it has been often argued that production uncertainty affects the farmers’ production efficiency. insurance can play an impactful role in reducing the uncertainty and, consequently, increasing the investment. using multilevel models, we examined the effect of agricultural insurance programs on investment in the agricultural sector of khorasan razavi province. the c...

Our objective was to describe a comprehensive obstetric patient safety program and its effect on reducing compensation payments and sentinel adverse events. From 2003 to 2009, we implemented a comprehensive obstetric patient safety program at our institution with multiple integrated components. To evaluate its effect on compensation payments and sentinel events, we gathered data on compensation...

Given that both the costs and the benefits of biodiversity-enhancing land-use measures are subject to spatial variation, considerations of allocational efficiency call for spatially differentiated compensation payments for such measures. However, when deciding whether to implement uniform or spatially differentiated compensation payments, the regulator has to balance the allocational efficiency...

The literature on relational incentive contracts suggests that rms may be able to condition payments to employees on information that is not available to those outside the rm. Given this, market participants may use the magnitude of such payments to infer the non-public information, which then may give rms a reason to choose wage payments strategically. We combine the literatures on relational ...

Background: There is a high demand for shoulder/elbow experience among hand-fellowship trainees due to theperception that this exposure will improve their professional “marketability” in a subspecialty they perceive as havinghigher compensation.Methods: Using Medicare data, we investigated the most common surgeries from these fields and determinedwhich have the highest c...

This paper considers the performance of a compensation mechanism that has received increasing attention in recent experimental literature. Our purpose is two-fold: (i) to characterize endogenous payments that can induce (mutual) cooperation in prisoner’s dilemma in the absence of social preferences; (ii) using models of quasi-maximin and inequality-aversion preferences to evaluate the possibili...

We propose a novel method to find Nash equilibria in games with binary decision variables by including compensation payments and incentive-compatibility constraints from non-cooperative game theory directly into an optimization framework in lieu of using first order conditions of a linearization, or relaxation of integrality conditions. The reformulation offers a new approach to obtain and inte...

An approach is present which integrates an economic and an ecological model for designing cost-effective compensation payments for conservation of endangered species in real landscapes. The approach is used to develop a cost-effective compensation payment scheme for conservation of an endangered butterfly species (Maculinea teleius) protected by the EU Habitats Directive in the region of Landau...

Benefit payments under workers' compensation programs in the United States during 1992-93 stabilized in comparison with the experience of prior years, which had been marked by substantial growth. In 1992, the total benefit amount of $44.7 billion was 5.9 percent higher than the amount in 1991. The 1993 benefit amount of $42.9 billion represented a 3.9 percent decrease from the amount in 1992. F...

more than half the annual rate of mcrease for 1972 and for 1973 _ The 17 a-percent rise m 1974 of cash and medl-cal care benefits under workers' compensation programs (excludmg the temporary Federal " black lung " program) was the highest annual change smce 1940, the first year for whmh the Social Security Admmmstratlon has complled data The year was also notable for the estabhshment of an Inte...