the patient with head trauma is a challenge for the emergency physician and for the neurosurgeon. currently traumatic brain injury constitutes a public health problem. knowledge of the various supportive therapeutic strategies in the pre-hospital and pre-operative stages is essential for optimal care. the immediate rapid infusion of large volumes of crystalloids to restore blood volume and bloo...

In this research, cerium recycling was studied by Adsorbing Colloid Flotation (ACF). Ten important parameters including collector type and dosage, cerium and colloid concentrations, frother type, activator type, preparation and frothing time, air flowrate and pH, each in two levels, were investigated. Statistical design of experiment was implemented for process modelling and analysis of var...

In the subsequent 20-min interval after intra-aortic injection of these test solutions, capillary protein concentration remained at (isoncotic infusions) or returned to (colloid-free and hyperoncotic fluids) control values. Whereas reabsorption after colloid-free solutions returned to base line levels in parallel with the return in capillary protein concentration, after colloid infusions (which...

BACKGROUND Colloids are widely used in the replacement of fluid volume. However doubts remain as to which colloid is best. Different colloids vary in their molecular weight and therefore in the length of time they remain in the circulatory system. Because of this and their other characteristics, they may differ in their safety and efficacy. OBJECTIVES To compare the effects of different collo...

The paper reports on experimental modeling of the colloid system composition in natural groundwater. Iron hydroxide is found to be the main component of natural colloid systems. It is shown that silicon compounds and dissolved organic substances (DOS) stabilize iron hydroxide (III), forming a stable colloid system, and preclude coagulation. The presented results suggest that CaCl2 and AlCl3 ele...

The use of colloid solutions for fluid resuscitation in hypovolaemic patients is widespread in clinical practice. This article describes the types of colloid agents which are currently available, their physicochemical properties, and adverse effects which may follow their administration. The relative merits of colloids compared with crystalloid solutions are discussed.

The relationship between left ventricular filling pressure and plasma colloid osmotic pressure to pulmonary edema was examined in a group of 37 patients, the majority of whom were hypovolemic. Sixteen patients developed pulmonary edema during fluid infusion. In the 21 patients who did not develop pulmonary edema, the left ventricular filling pressure was slightly elevated but the colloid osmoti...