As U.S. courts grapple with constitutional challenges to DNA identification applications, judges are resting legal decisions on the fingerprint analogy, questioning whether the information from a DNA profile could, in light of scientific advances, reveal biomedically relevant information. While CODIS loci were selected largely because they lack phenotypic associations, how this criterion was as...

The Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) loci comprise a standard microsatellite marker set widely used for distinguishing among individuals in forensic identity testing medicolegal casework the United States and other countries. In anthropological genetic research, CODIS markers have become an important tool uses extending beyond case investigations to quantify ancestry proportions, reveals patte...

An additional 20 novel mini-short tandem repeat (miniSTR) loci have been developed and characterized beyond the six previously developed by our laboratory for a total of 26 non-CODIS miniSTR markers. These new markers produce short PCR products in the target range of 50-150 base pairs (bp) by moving the primer sequences as close as possible-often directly next to the identified repeat region. T...

The thirteen autosomal STR loci of the CODIS system were typed from DNA of 732 unrelated male individuals sampled from different locations in Chile. This is the first report of allele frequencies for the thirteen STRs loci defined in the CODIS system from the Chilean population.

A representative corpus of written Italian – CORIS – constructed at the Centre for Theoretical and Applied Linguistics of Bologna University (CILTA) is available on-line. Considering the importance of the comparability of reference corpora in interlinguistic studies, a further corpus – CODIS – was designed. Aimed at specialist needs, CODIS presents a dynamic and adaptive structure providing for...

Forensic DNA analysts often perform short tandem repeat (STR) typing on highly degraded biological material and then turn to mitochondrial DNA testing if many or all of the STRs fail. The commercially available kits for multiplex amplification of the 13 CODIS STR loci usually exhibit allele or locus-dropout for larger sized loci with degraded DNA or samples containing PCR inhibitors. Recently, ...

Highly polymorphic genetic markers with significant potential for distinguishing individual identity are used as a standard tool in forensic testing [1, 2]. At the same time, population-genetic studies have suggested that genetically diverse markers with high individual identifiability also confer information about genetic ancestry [3-6]. The dual influence of polymorphism levels on ancestry in...

Short tandem repeats (STRs) of the combined DNA index system (CODIS) are probably the most employed markers for human identification purposes. STR databases generated to interpret DNA profiles are also helpful for anthropological purposes. In this work, we report admixture, population structure, and genetic relationships of Mexican Mestizos with respect to Latin American and Caribbean populatio...

In this work, we show how to implement effective constructions, coding and decoding of algebraic codes by means of Omega, a system specifically designed and programmed for general mathematical computations. For alternant codes, the main class we consider (which includes BCH, RS and classical Goppa codes), we give an implementation of the Euclidean division BM decoding algorithm. For cyclic code...

DNA-based methods for human identification principally rely upon genotyping of short tandem repeat (STR) loci. Electrophoretic-based techniques for variable-length classification of STRs are universally utilized, but are limited in that they have relatively low throughput and do not yield nucleotide sequence information. High-throughput sequencing technology may provide a more powerful instrume...