Ozonation was investigated as a potential post-treatment step for biologically treated landfill leachate to enhance the biodegradability and observe the influence of the initial organic matter concentration and pH. Changes in COD, UV absorption at 254 nm (UVA254) and BOD content were measured during and after ozonation, and the ozone utilisation efficiency at different conditions was calculated...

Four methods for determining substrate recoveries in studies concerned with the partition of substrate between sludge synthesis and respiration were investigated. An energy balance comparing chemical oxygen demand (COD) removed with the summation of oxygen uptake and the COD of the cells produced yielded average recoveries closer to 100% than any of the other three methods tested. The standard ...

The effects of physical mixing processes on phytoplankton production in the marlne environment are well established. However, the effects of these processes on growth and condition of zooplankton and larval fish are at present poorly understood. In this study, w e utilized phytoplankton group-specif~c fatty acid content to trace the phytoplankton group and mixing regime contributing to the cond...

micro flora of the effluents from a dairy factory in tehran(pegah dairy processing plant) were isolated and screened for their ability to reduce the organic matter content and cod of the effluents. 10 bacteria were selected due to  reduction in cod content from the 4th to 6th day of incubation at 30 °c and  ph =11. highest cod reduction were obtained by two isolates, bp3 and bp4, 70.7 % and 69....

A novel rapid methodology for determining the chemical oxygen demand (COD) based on a thermal sensor with a flow injection analysis system was proposed and experimentally validated. The ability of this sensor to detect and monitor COD was based on the degree of enthalpy increase when sodium hypochlorite reacted with the organic content in water samples. The measurement results were correlated w...

14 Kildin cod is a small landlocked population of Atlantic cod reproductively isolated from 15 marine counterparts for around 1500-2000 years. The Kildin cod lives in a shallow 16 meromictic lake in the five-meter intermediate layer of water with sharp gradients of oxygen 17 and salinity. The cod had an effective population size of around one hundred individuals and 18 evolved unique physiologi...

OBJECTIVES This study aims to investigate the adhesion characteristics between submicron calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) with a size of 150 ± 50 nm and African green monkey kidney epithelial cells (Vero cells) before and after damage, and to discuss the mechanism of kidney stone formation. METHODS Vero cells were oxidatively injured by hydrogen peroxide to establish a model of injured cells. ...

Individual fish processing waste stream components can be used to make feed ingredients or other products. Waste stream components obtained from commercial fish processing plants included heads, viscera, frames, and skins from Alaska pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) and Pacijic cod (Gadus macrocephalus); and heads, and viscera from pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha). The protein content of hea...