In a study of the word problem for groups, R. J. Thompson considered a certain group F of self-homeomorphisms of the Cantor set and showed, among other things, that F is nitely presented. Using results of K. that F is the fundamental group of a nite two-complex Z 2 having Euler characteristic one and which is Cockcroft, in the sense that each map of the two-sphere into Z 2 is homologically triv...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to assess agreement between glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and the decline in GFR estimated with the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) Study Group equation or the Cockcroft-Gault formula and measured by the plasma clearance of 51Cr-EDTA. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We followed a cohort of 156 microalbuminuric type 2 diabetic patients for 8 ...

OBJECTIVE The Cockcroft-Gault formula is recommended for the evaluation of renal function in diabetic patients. The more recent Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) study equation seems more accurate, but it has not been validated in diabetic patients. This study compares the two methods. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In 160 diabetic patients, we compared the Cockcroft-Gault formula and...

BACKGROUND Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is one of the most important guidelines in deciding the optimal timing of dialysis initiation. In the present study, we calculated the eGFR at the time of hemodialysis (HD) initiation using 5 commonly used equations to relate them with clinical and laboratory characteristics of the patients and to evaluate which of these equations best defi...

This study proposes a novel bidirectional-switched-capacitor-based interleaved converter. In view of the shortcomings two well-known unidirectional-switched-capacitor-based converters, this improves such converters through combining structure switched capacitor circuit. The first effort was to overcome drawback Cockcroft–Walton-based converter, whose circuit impedance and ripple cause serious o...

INTRODUCTION To compare the conventional creatinine clearance measured on 24-h urine collection with the estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate by Cockcroft & Gault (CG) and Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) prediction equations in adults aged 20 years and above in Pakistani population. METHODS All the patients, including inpatient admitted in hospital and outpatients, more than 20 y...

Non-specific bronchial reactivity is related to the severity of clinical asthma. Histamine challenge testing is increasingly used in association with questionnaires in epidemiological studies of the prevalence and morbidity of asthma in the community. The histamine challenge method described by Cockcroft et al is widely used and well standardised but it has disadvantages for epidemiological stu...