The percentage composition of Al13, [AlO4Al12(OH)24(H2O)12]7+, in water treatment coagulants is an important criterion in the development and use of polymeric coagulants. Polymeric coagulants are generally used in cold climates or with highly turbid waters. Size exclusion chromatography flame atomic absorption spectrometry (SEC-FAAS) can separate Al13 and monomeric Al within 6 min. The percenta...

Aluminum-based coagulants in drinking water treatment are widely used across Canada. According to the literature, the presence of aluminum in drinking water poses possible risks to humans. Preliminary studies investigating the use of alternative coagulating agents such as iron-based coagulants, lanthanide salts and organic coagulants have already revealed that their implementation is possible, ...

Abstract Coagulation and flocculation provide a rather straightforward method towards water clarification. However, ongoing debates over worrying health issues linked to chemical coagulants have paved the way to develop plantbased natural coagulants. Natural coagulants are not only water clarifying agents, but they also have antimicrobial and heavy metal removal properties in some instances. Th...

A review of plant-based coagulant sources, processes, effectiveness and relevant coagulating mechanisms for treatment of water and wastewater is presented. These coagulants are, in general, used as point-of-use technology in less-developed communities since they are relatively cost-effective compared to chemical coagulants, can be easily processed in usable form and biodegradable. These natural...

The aim of this paper is to provide an overall description of coagulation-flocculation process and its applications in water and wastewater treatment. The significance of coagulation – flocculation in the area of water and wastewater treatment is reviewed and evaluated, emphasizing on the series of applications employed, including destabilization of colloids, removal of inorganic and organic ma...

A review of plant-based coagulant sources, processes, effectiveness and relevant coagulating mechanisms for treatment of water and wastewater is presented. These coagulants are, in general, used as point-of-use technology in less-developed communities since they are relatively cost-effective compared to chemical coagulants, can be easily processed in usable form and biodegradable. These natural...

Introduction: The objective of this study was, wastewater quality investigation and removal efficiency of contaminants from the wastewater tile factory by using coagulants includes ferric chloride, ferric sulfate and ferrous, aluminum sulfate and poly aluminum chloride in order to reuse it in the processing line. Methods: This is an applied study. With regard to shiftwork schedules of the facto...

Polymerized inorganic coagulants are increasingly being used in the water supply and wastewater treatment process, yet there is limited research on the development of polytitanium coagulants. The aim of this study is to synthesize polytitanium chloride (PTC) coagulants and investigate their coagulation behavior and floc characteristics for humic acid removal in comparison to polyaluminum chlori...

Organic tofu using organic compatible coagulants of magnesium chloride and three polysaccharides including carrageenan, guar gum and gum Arabic were generated. For MgCl2 coagulated tofu, carrageenan significantly increased the hardness from 969.5 g to 1210.5 g whereas guar gum (0.6g) decreased the hardness to 505.5 g. Interestingly, gypsum and guar gum (0.6g) increased the yield of tofu signifi...