This paper investigates how to adapt standard classification rule learning approaches to subgroup discovery. The goal of subgroup discovery is to find rules describing subsets of the population that are sufficiently large and statistically unusual. The paper presents a subgroup discovery algorithm, CN2-SD, developed by modifying parts of the CN2 classification rule learner: its covering algorit...

Porous silicon (PSi) non-symmetric multi-layers are modified by organic molecular beam deposition of an organic semiconductor, namely the N,N'-1H,1H-perfluorobutyldicyanoperylene-carboxydi-imide (PDIF-CN2). Joule evaporation of PDIF-CN2 into the PSi sponge-like matrix not only improves but also adds transducing skills, making this solid-state device a dual signal sensor for chemical monitoring....

Kininase I (carboxypeptidase N; EC 3.4.17.3) consists of carboxypeptidase N1 (CN1) and carboxypeptidase N2 (CN2); these two enzymes can be differentiated by their activities towards hippuryl-L-arginine and hippuryl-L-lysine, respectively. A spectrophotometric assay for both carboxypeptidases in human serum is described and the biochemical behaviour of these enzymes investigated. The pH optima a...

BACKGROUND Cytosolic nonspecific dipetidase (CN2) belongs to the family of M20 metallopeptidases. It was stated in previous articles that higher expression levels of CN2 were observed in renal cell carcinoma and breast cancer. Our study explored the correlation between CN2 and colon carcinogenesis. METHODS We analysed the relationship between 183 patients clinicopathological characteristics a...

Soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC), a ubiquitously expressed heme-containing receptor for nitric oxide (NO), is a key mediator of NO-dependent processes. In addition to NO, a number of synthetic compounds that target the heme-binding region of sGC and activate it in a NO-independent fashion have been described. We report here that dicyanocobinamide (CN2-Cbi), a naturally occurring intermediate of v...

In this work, the electrical response of n-type organic field-effect transistors, achieved by evaporating PDIF-CN2 films on both bare and Hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) treated SiO2 substrates, was investigated by standard electrical characterization and potentiometry. Morphological and charge transport characterizations demonstrated that the hydrophobic degree of the substrate surface has a huge ...

Rule learning is typically used in solving classification and prediction tasks. However, learning of classification rules can be adapted also to subgroup discovery. Such an adaptation has already been done for the CN2 rule learning algorithm. In previous work this new algorithm, called CN2-SD, has been described in detail and applied to the well known UCI data sets. This paper summarizes the mo...

Cyanogen bromide treatment of thymidylate synthetase of Lactobacillus casei, which had been converted to a ternary complex with [2-14c] FdUMP and 5,10-methylene-tetrahydrofolate followed by S-carboxymethylation, yielded at least four visible peptide bands, the largest with a molecular weight of about 13,000, on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate-urea. Identical results...

This paper describes ICN, an incremental version of the CN2 rule learning system. Unlike other incremental rule learning systems which learn rules gradually, adding and removing conditions in a hill-climbing search, ICN learns or unlearns each rule “all at once,” using beam search as in CN2. In batch training and testing with the forest cover prediction problem, ICN performs nearly as well as C...

This paper proposes an algorithm for data mining called Ant-Miner (ant-colony-based data miner). The goal of AntMiner is to extract classification rules from data. The algorithm is inspired by both research on the behavior of real ant colonies and some data mining concepts as well as principles. We compare the performance of Ant-Miner with CN2, a well-known data mining algorithm for classificat...