abstract  background: chronic neglected dislocation of the shoulder joint can be defined as a neglected dislocation for more than a 3 week period. however, it has been shown that the negligence could range from a 24 hour period to 6 months1. depending on age, signs, symptoms, etiology and types of dislocation, conservative treatment or surgical intervention could be considered.  methods: in thi...

introduction patellar dislocation is an emergency. vertical patellar dislocation is rare, often seen in adolescents and mostly due to sports injuries or high-velocity trauma. few cases have been reported in the literature. closed or open reduction under general anesthesia is often needed. we report a case of vertical locked patellar dislocation in a 26-year-old male, which was reduced by a simp...

background distal radius fracture is common in all ages. mobility and wrist function is important. the choice of treatment should aim for optimal function with minimal complications. objectives in this study we compared two surgical approaches, open reduction and internal fixation (orif) and closed reduction with external fixation (cr + ef), for treatment of intra-articular distal radius fractu...

Isolated scaphoid dislocations are extremely rare injuries and are commonly associated with significant ligamentousdisruptions. A dorsiflexion-supination force upon the hand is considered as the most common mechanism of injury.Different treatment options have been proposed for the management of this uncommon entity, ranging from conservativetreatment with closed reduction and casting to a wide ...

Background Supracondylar humeral fractures constitute about 60% and 13% of all pediatric elbow and pediatric skeletal fractures, respectively, with a peak incidence in the 5-7 years age group. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare closed reduction with open reduction and pin fixation in type III supracondylar humeral fractures in children younger than...

background : mechanical ventilation is used for some infants in neonatal intensive care units (nicu) due to many physiological and clinical causes. since these patients have endotracheal tubes, cleaning and keeping the airways open through suctioning should be done to increase oxygenation. this study aimed to evaluate effect of open and closed suctioning methods on respiratory parameters of inf...