نتایج جستجو برای: clonal expansion
تعداد نتایج: 162841 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
After antigenic stimulation, CD8(+) T cells undergo clonal expansion and differentiation into CTLs that can mount a strong defense against intracellular pathogens and tumors. SWAP-70-like adapter of T cells (SLAT), also known as Def6, is a novel guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Cdc42 GTPase and plays a role in CD4(+) T cell activation and Th cell differentiation by controlling Ca(2+)/...
MOAA0104–Table 1. Clonal expansion of HIV integration sites CD4 count HIV DNA/10 CD4 cells % Clonal expansion in blood % Clonal expansion in LN % Clonal expansion
Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes can lead to clonal expansion. We study the evolutionary dynamics of this process and calculate the probability that inactivation of a tumor suppressor gene is preceded by mutations in genes that confer genetic instability. Unstable cells might have a slower rate of clonal expansion than stable cells because of an increased probability of generating lethal ...
BACKGROUND Exactly how human tumors grow is uncertain because serial observations are impractical. One approach to reconstruct the histories of individual human cancers is to analyze the current genomic variation between its cells. The greater the variations, on average, the greater the time since the last clonal evolution cycle ("a molecular clock hypothesis"). Here we analyze passenger DNA me...
CD8+ T cells only require a brief stimulation with antigen in vitro to divide and differentiate into effector and memory cells upon transfer in vivo. The efficiency of clonal expansion and the functional characteristics of memory cells derived from briefly stimulated cells are poorly defined. We developed a system that allowed us to examine programming entirely in vivo. This was achieved by rap...
Applying the two-stage clonal expansion model to epidemiology of lung cancer among uranium miners, it has been revealed that radon acts as a promoting agent facilitating the clonal expansion of already mutated cells. Clonal expansion rate increases non-linearly by radon concentration showing a plateau above a given exposure rate. The underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Earlier we proposed tha...
The expansion of allergen-specific CD4+ T cells is a critical step in inducing airway inflammation during allergic asthma. Such clonal expansion of T cells is initiated through the interaction between allergen-bearing dendritic cells and allergen-specific naïve T cells in the draining lymph nodes. Whether such T cell clonal expansion also occurs in the lung, the primary organ encountering inhal...
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with distinct forms of human lymphoid malignancies, including the endemic (eBL) and sporadic forms of Burkitt's lymphoma (sBL) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma (AIDS-NHL). However, whether EBV has a pathogenetic role in these tumors or is a passenger virus has not been conclusively demonstrated. One element to dist...
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