121 women with polycystic ovarian syndrome and clomiphene citrate resistance underwent laparoscopic ovarian cautery, 63 patients were type i or typical pcos with ovarian volume >8ml and 58 patients were type ii pcos with ovarian volume <8ml. serum concentrations of luteinizing hormone (lh), follicular stimulating hormone (fsh), prolactin (prl), testosterone (t), and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfa...

121 women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and clomiphene citrate resistance underwent laparoscopic ovarian cautery, 63 patients were type I or typical PCOS with ovarian volume >8mL and 58 patients were type II PCOS with ovarian volume O.05). It therefore appears that the result of laparoscopic ovarian cauterization does not depend on ovary size in clomphene citrate resistant patients with...

background: polycystic ovary syndrome (pcos) is associated with approximately 75% of women who suffer from infertility due to anovulation. additionally, around 20– 25% of anovulatory women with pcos do not respond at all to clomiphene citrate and are considered to be “clomiphene– resistant”. aromatase inhibitors have been suggested as an alternative treatment to clomiphene as the discrepancy be...

Background To evaluate the effect of metformin on ovulation and pregnancy rate in clomiphene citrate resistant women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). MaterialsAndMethods In this clinical trial each patient, regarding her previous resistance to Clomiphene, served as her own control. A total of 35 clomiphene citrate resistant PCOS patients, referring to Royan institute were studied. Clomiph...

background: chromium picolinate could be effective in clomiphen citrate resistant pcos patients. objective: to compare the effects of chromium picolinate vs. metformin in clomiphen citrate resistant pcos patients. materials and methods: the present randomized clinical trial was performed on 92 women with clomiphen citrate-resistant pcos at the clinics which were affiliated to shiraz university ...

Aluminium (Al) toxicity is an important limitation to barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) on acid soil. Al-resistant cultivars of barley detoxify Al externally by secreting citrate from the roots. To link the genetics and physiology of Al resistance in barley, genes controlling Al resistance and Al-activated secretion of citrate were mapped. An analysis of Al-induced root growth inhibition from 100 F2 ...

Background: One of the main sunfl ower diseases is the white mold Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The oxalic acid (OA), which is one of the main pathogenicity factors of this fungus, beside the direct toxicity on the host, has other functions such as the disruption of the cell wall and chelating out the calcium ions.Objectives: Regarding the importance of this disease, it is im...

Twenty-seven isolates of citrate-positive variants of Escherichia coli were obtained from domestic pigeons, pigs, cattle, and horses. With the exception of citrate utilization, all isolates closely resembled typical E. coli in their biochemical reactions. These isolates were multiply resistant to antibiotics in in vitro susceptibility tests. Transfer experiments of multiple-drug resistance to t...

Bacillus subtilis possesses a secondary transporter CitM that is specific for the complex of citrate and Mg but is also capable of transporting citrate in complex with the heavy metal ions Zn, Ni and Co. We report on the impact of CitM activity on the toxicity of the heavy metals Zn, Ni and Co + in B. subtilis. In a CitM deletion mutant or under conditions when CitM is not expressed, the toxic ...