background:  optical coherence tomography (oct) is a non-invasive instrument, which can be used to estimate the thickness of the retinal nerve fibre layer (rnfl) and provides an indirect measurement of axonal destruction in multiple sclerosis (ms). the main aim of this study was to find out any correlations between p100 latency in visual evoked potential (vep) and rnfl thickness. methods: the p...

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background and purpose: multiple sclerosis (ms) is believed to be an immune-mediated disorder that develops from an interaction of the individual's genetic and as yet unidentified environmental causes. the prevalence of auto-antibodies in multiple sclerosis patients and their clinical associations vary in various studies. the aim of this study was to determine serum auto antibodies in multiple ...

This study was conducted to molecularly detect avian adenoviruses in broiler flocks showing liver lesions and respiratory syndrome in northeast Iran. In total, 60 tissue samples were collected from broiler farms with liver lesions, respiratory syndrome and also from clinically healthy flocks. Six samples were positive; however, three samples were selected for molecular studies. PCR products wer...

this study was conducted to molecularly detect avian adenoviruses in broiler flocks showing liver lesions and respiratory syndrome in northeast iran. in total, 60 tissue samples were collected from broiler farms with liver lesions, respiratory syndrome and also from clinically healthy flocks. six samples were positive; however, three samples were selected for molecular studies. pcr products wer...

background and objectives: a diverse group of escherichia coli are known as enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) including o157:h7 and non-o157 ehec. enterohemorrhagic strains are related to severe clinical conditions in humans including hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome, and most of the recorded outbreaks occurred due to o157: h7 e. coli . the aim of the present study was ...

Objective: Identify the occurrence of certain virulence genes Escherichia coli vaginal isolates associated with postpartum dysgalactia syndrome (PDS) in sows. Materials and methods: Two hundred two sows from 5 Macedonian pig farms were clinically examined for PDS 12 to 24 hours after farrowing. Vaginal swabs bacteriological testing taken PDS-affected (PDSA, n = 47) PDS-unaffected (PDSU, 155) In...

The aim of this study was to identify virulent Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains isolated from faecal samples of 100 clinically healthy calves. In the present study, a total of 100 Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolates from clinically healthy calves belonging to 6 different farms located in Khorasan Razavi province, Iran, were examined for presence of virulence genes character...

Global-scale data on the Oligocene to Recent planktic foraminifers and coccoliths from the tropical Pacific and Atlantic Oceans are employed for quantitative testing of alternative models (Red Queen and Stationary Hypotheses) of the relationship between speciation rates, extinction rates, taxonomic diversity, abiotic events, and history of the paleosystem. The results demonstrate that although ...