background: the purpose of the descriptive study was to investigate students' attitude, who attend their fifth and sixth years of study, about endodontics seminars using problem based learning method at mashhad dental school. methods: it is a descriptive study conducted on fifth and sixth grade students of mashhad dental school in 2012-2013 academic years. data were gathered via questionna...

Abstract Rationale for review: Enteric fever (EF) caused by Salmonella enterica subspecies serovar Typhi (Salmonella Typhi) and S. Paratyphi Paratyphi) remains an important cause of infectious morbidity mortality in many low-income countries and, therefore, still poses a major risk travellers to endemic countries. Main findings: Although the global burden EF has decreased over past two decades,...

normal 0 false false false en-us x-none ar-sa background: the respiratory module at shifa college of medicine (scm) is delivered in third year with emphasis on respiratory pathophysiology and respiratory medicine. smoking as a topic was introduced to emphasize the preventive aspects of respiratory illnesses. an innovative approach to involve students in their learning was developed. to determin...