The vertical migration of M. incognita juveniles introduced at 20 cm from the roots was studied in five natural soils, 100% silica sand, 95% silica sand with 5% clay, 90% silica sand with 10% clay, and 95% silica sand with 5% clay as a concentrated layer. In natural soils the percentage of juveniles capable of migrating 20 cm and penetrating the roots decreased when the percentage of clay and s...

the purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of nano-clay particles and oxidized polypropylene as compatibilizer on the decay resistance of wood plastic composite against coriolus versicolor fungi. in order to provide oxidized polypropylene as compatibilizer, polypropylene was oxidized in the presence of air oxygen in 2 hours by internal mixer. afterwards, wood fibers, polypropylene, nano-...

Laboratory soil column experiments were conducted to study the distribution of preferential flow paths resulting from removal of fine-size clay particles. These experiments specifically studied the influence of clay (kaolinite) percentage in sand-clay mixtures and the effect of hydraulic gradients on pore evolution. Analysis of the effluent during the experiments indicated that clay particles w...

Second harmonic generation (SHG) is applied for the first time to study the surfaces of clay particles. An SHG signal was detected from an aqueous suspension of disk-shaped montmorillonite clay particles of 0.5 μm diameter and 0.01 μm thickness. The origin of the SHG signal is the polarization of water molecules by surface charges located in the edge region of the clay particles. On addition of...

Colloidal particles are often used to make Pickering emulsions that are reported to be very stable. Commonly the stabilization is a combined effect of particle adsorbing at the fluid interface and a particle network in the continuous phase; the contribution of each to the overall stability is difficult to assess. We investigate the role of LAPONITE® particles on high internal phase emulsion sta...

This work identifies the main phenomena that control the peptisation and transport of clay particles in a sand core. Clay can be dispersed into small particles in an aqueous solution of low ionic strength. This property is used to generate clay particles with NaCl concentration varying from 0.5 M to 0.015 M. For this purpose, a chromatographic column is initially packed with a 5 % clay-sand mix...