Polymeric composite films with a high loading of nano-size silicates can hardly meet the increasingly stringent fireproof and smoke-free requirements during burning. Thus, it is desirable to prepare pure clay films that can block air, heat, and flame. Here we report an organic-free clay film capable of both flame- and heat-shielding. The film was prepared from the self-assembly of nanometer-thi...

in this research, the mechanical properties of seven types of nanofilm with differing amounts of silver and silver-clay particles were studied. the elasticity of modulus, tensile strength, toughness, elongation at break, tear strength and color of nanofilms were compared with those of ordinary ldpe film. results showed that the inclusion of nano particles increased the modulus of elasticity, te...

soils of the arid–semiarid karaj basin in north-central iran have formed on alluvium-colluvium derived from mixed calcareous-gypsiferous marls of miocene and basic igneous rocks of holocene age. in order to characterize and classify the soils and to determine the soil-landscape relationship in the area, sixteen pedons located on different physiographic positions have been described, sampled and...

-Clay-modified electrode research indicates that adsorbed complexes are electroactive if the adsorption sites are clay edges. Interlayer adsorbed complexes may be electroactive ifa charge shuttle is added or if interlayer swelling is large. Conductivity of the film towards anionic species depends upon the swelling of the clay, which depends on the electrolyte concentration and speciation. The d...

A model describing the electric double layers in clay-electrolyte systems containing particles with different surface charge densities was developed and used to calculate the film thickness of water present in a clay paste. The average water film thicknesses (-18/~) calculated by considering the clay to contain 9 groups of particles of different charge densities did not differ from those calcul...

Brittleness and other properties such as low thermal stability, medium gas barrier properties and low solvent resistance (e.g., against water) of the pure biopolymer film are often insufficient for food packaging applications. The nanoscale distribution of nanoclays (such as montmorillonite, saponite or hectorite), with a high aspect ratio (100-1,500) and extremely high surface-to-volume ratio ...

During 1990 all present and retired china clay workers in the United Kingdom were invited to take part in a chest health survey. A total of 4401 china clay workers participated representing over 70% of current employees and 17% of pensioners. The survey consisted of a chest x ray film, lung function measurements, and a questionnaire on respiratory symptoms and smoking habits. The chest x ray fi...

The feasibility of constructing polymer/clay nanocomposites with polypeptides as the matrix material is shown. Cationic poly-L-lysine HBr (PLL) was reinforced by sodium montmorillonite clay. The PLL/clay nanocomposites were made via the solution-intercalation film-casting technique. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy data indicated that montmorillonite layers intercalated wi...

Montmorillonite K-10 functionalized with α-nucleophilic 2-pralidoxime (PAM) and its zwitterionic oximate form (PAMNa) is introduced as a versatile material for chemical protection against organophosphorous (OP) compounds such as pesticides and chemical warfare agents (CWA). Upon inclusion into the montmorillonite interlayer structure, the pyridinium group of PAMNa is strongly physisorbed onto a...