a5.2 year-old holstein cow was presented with lameness andabnormal weight bearing in a slaughterhouse. widening of theperiople and swelling of the heel area in the lateral claw was morepermanent than the medial claw. vertical fissure (vf) involvingthe coronary band to the middle of the dorsal wall of the medialhind claw was observed. it was also extended to the bearingsurface in the inner surfa...

On claw free families Abstract This paper points out that there are two types of claw free families with respect to a level of claw freeness. We formulate them as weak claw free families and strong claw free families. Then, we present suucient conditions for each type of claw free families. (A similar result is known for weak claw free families.) They are represented as some algebraic forms of ...

Claw disorders cause problems in dairy cattle all over the world. Nutrition, feeding, environment, claw trimming routines, hormonal changes related to calving and genetics are among the factors which influence the pathogenesis. The colour of the claw horn (pigmentation) has been suggested to play a role. The aim of this study was to investigate if there were any associations between the colour ...

A5.2 year-old Holstein cow was presented with lameness andabnormal weight bearing in a slaughterhouse. Widening of theperiople and swelling of the heel area in the lateral claw was morepermanent than the medial claw. Vertical fissure (VF) involvingthe coronary band to the middle of the dorsal wall of the medialhind claw was observed. It was also extended to the bearingsurface in the inner surfa...

Fiddler crabs are highly sexually dimorphic. Males possess one small (minor) feeding claw and one greatly enlarged (major) claw; females possess two small claws. The major claw is used to attract mates and for burrow defense, but it is costly for the male to possess. We tested the hypothesis that the major claw also functions as a thermoregulatory structure, a function that would allow males to...

Pedal claw geometry can be used to predict behaviour in extant tetrapods and has frequently been used as an indicator of lifestyle and ecology in Mesozoic birds and other fossil reptiles, sometimes without acknowledgement of the caveat that data from other aspects of morphology and proportions also need to be considered. Variation in styles of measurement (both inner and outer claw curvature an...

The claw health of 139 heifers with a mean age of 22.1 months (SD: 2.6) in seven free stall dairy farms in Lower Austria was evaluated. Claw lesions were assessed during functional claw trimming and documented and analysed using the digital program Claw Manager. For documentation of lesions, each claw was divided into 10 zones. The prevalence of lameness, claw lesions and their severity were de...

The objective of this study was to investigate whether cows diagnosed with claw horn lesions during routine claw trimming had an altered milk fat percentage on test days preceding the diagnosis, compared with cows without such lesions. Data included date of trimming, cow number, type, and location of claw lesions recorded by a professional claw trimmer during routine trimming sessions on 11 com...

BACKGROUND The main aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of claw and limb disorders in Norwegian beef-cow herds. METHODS Twenty-six herds with >or=15 cow-years were selected by computerized systematic assignment from the three most beef cattle-dense regions of Norway. The study population consisted of 12 herds with 28 heifers and 334 cows. The animals were trimmed and examined once b...

Exploring the relationship between phenotype and performance in an ecological and evolutionary context is crucial to understanding the adaptive nature of phenotypic traits. Despite their ubiquity in vertebrates, few studies have examined the functional and ecological significance of claw morphologies. Here we examine the adhesive toepad and claw system of Anolis lizards. Claw characters are sig...