councils have been a component of civil society after the glorious victory of islamic revolution in iran. considering the emphases of the holy koran, the conduct of the innocent authorities in islam (the holy prophet's household), the necessity of the implementation of a non-concentrated system, and the existence of local organizations councils were formed. some principles of iran's c...

this paper aims at studying governance and distribution of autonomies in tehran city islamic council in the process of performing intra/inter-organizational functions. according to current theories on governance, there are three types of governance according to the kinde of involvement. authority involvement, interactive involvement and persuasion involvement, in tehran city islamic council in ...

The City of Philadelphia recently redesigned districts for its council members based upon the 2010 census. The districting process evinced considerable public interest and engagement because council districts from the prior census had significant shortcomings. During the 2010 redistricting process, several public interest groups came together to organize a districting contest. The organizers ho...

Due to the propensity of fleet incidents, poor organisational survey results and a lack of fleet safety systems, it was evident that Redland City Council were underperforming, experiencing a variety of work related road safety issues and possessed a low fleet safety culture. As a result of an audit process, and the identification of gaps in organisational process within the fleet safety area Re...

the local institutions in iran, like many countries in the world, have been established in order to realize decentralization system. the city councils are one of the most important institutions which conduct the affairs of the city with theirs executive organs. these councils make some important decisions in their legal jurisdictions which review on these decisions is very important. so the leg...