introduction: abusing drugs such as morphine continues to be a serious medical and social problem. defining a habit that increases the devastating effect such as compulsive use and craving is necessary. methods: this experiment was designed in four groups 1) group-housed (gh) 2) isolation 3) group-housed morphine-treated (ghmt) (4) isolated-housed morphine-treated (ihmt). rats were received mor...

The desorption of phosphate from aluminum (Al) hydroxides by 0.01 mol L KCl in the presence of different organic acids and from Al-OH, Al-P and Al-Oxalate, AlCitrate complexes by organic acids was studied. When phosphate adsorbed on Al(OH)x in the presence and absence of oxalate was desorbed sequentially twice using 0.01 mol L KCl, total desorption rates of phosphate adsorbed in the presence of...

Dahl showed that feeding KCl prevents the rise in blood pressure caused by a high NaCl diet in salt-sensitive Dahl "S" rats. Such S rats when normotensive on a low NaCl diet have a 2 to 3 times greater pressor response than Dahl "R" rats to intracerebroventricular hypertonic saline (600 mOsm/liter) or angiotensin II (AII) (500 ng). Does dietary KCl prevent NaCl hypertension in S rats partly by ...

Introduction: Abusing drugs such as morphine continues to be a serious medical and social problem. Defining a habit that increases the devastating effect such as compulsive use and craving is necessary. Methods: This experiment was designed in four groups 1) group-housed (GH) 2) isolation 3) group-housed morphine-treated (GHMT) (4) isolated-housed morphine-treated (IHMT). Rats were received mor...

Chronic acid loads are an obligate consequence of the high animal/grain protein content of the Western diet. The effect of this diet-induced metabolic acidosis on bone mass is controversial. In a randomized, prospective, controlled, double-blind trial, 161 postmenopausal women (age 58.6 +/- 4.8 yr) with low bone mass (T score -1 to -4) were randomly assigned to 30 mEq of oral potassium (K) citr...

Phosphofructokinase (EC 2.7.1.11) from carrot roots was activated by a number of salts. Increase in salt concentration beyond the optimum generally led to a decrease in enzyme activity. Salts of the multivalent anions sulfate and phosphate were very effective activators and inhibitors. Potassium acetate and potassium succinate were also activators. Potassium tartrate and potassium citrate produ...

Single particle electrochemical oxidation of polyvinylpyrrolidone-capped silver nanoparticles at a microdisk electrode is investigated as function shape (spheres, cubes, and plates) in potassium nitrate hydroxide solutions. In nitrate, extreme anodic potentials (?1500 mV vs Ag/AgCl (3 M KCl)) are necessary to achieve oxidation, while lower required (?900 (saturated KCl)). Upon oxide formed, rea...