introduction: recent studies suggest that glucocorticoids modulate memory reconsolidation. moreover, cholinergic system is involved in memory reconsolidation. since glucocorticoids interact with brain cholinergic system in modulating memory processing, we investigated whether glucocorticoid influences on the reconsolidation of emotionally arousing training depend on the cholinergic system. meth...

objectives: datura stramonium (ds) is a common weed along roadsides, in cornfields and pastures and in waste areas. it belongs to the family solanaceae and its toxic components are tropane belladonna alkaloids. it has been used voluntarily by teenagers for its hallucinogenic effect. the plant is named in iran as tatoore. symptoms and signs of acute d. stramonium poisoning usually are similar to...

Cholinergic urticaria is a relatively common condition defined by itching, redness and whealing induced exercise passive warming. In turn, acquired idiopathic generalized anhidrosis rare disorder of unknown pathogenesis, characterized an impairment in total body sweating despite exposure to heat or exercise. We report two cases this extremely association cholinergic hypohidrosis, briefly review...

Introduction Cholinergic system is one of the important systems of mammalian CNS. Cholinergic neurons distributed in brain and spinal cord and contributed to principal functions like: consciousness, learning and memory, and motor control. In this study we investigated the differentiation potentiality of mouse embryonic stem cells toward cholinergic neurons. The aim of this study was to evaluate...

introduction cholinergic system is one of the important systems of mammalian cns. cholinergic neurons distributed in brain and spinal cord and contributed to principal functions like: consciousness, learning and memory, and motor control. in this study we investigated the differentiation potentiality of mouse embryonic stem cells toward cholinergic neurons. the aim of this study was to evaluate...

objective(s):  the cholinergic system plays an important role in learning and memory. this study investigated the effects of curcumin (turmeric extract) and the cholinergic system and their interaction on memory retention of passive avoidance learning in adult male wistar rats. materials and methods: at first, an injection cannula was implanted in right ventricles of the animals. one week after...

Objective(s):  The cholinergic system plays an important role in learning and memory. This study investigated the effects of curcumin (turmeric extract) and the cholinergic system and their interaction on memory retention of passive avoidance learning in adult male Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: At first, an injection cannula was implanted in right ventricles of the animals. One week afte...

Objective. To study the effect of immunomodulators on learning and memory and on cholinergic receptor sensitivity. Methods. Animals were initially treated for a period of 8 days with cyclosporine/levamisole/saline. They were then subjected to passive avoidance training and 48 hrs later, the retention test for the passive avoidance task was conducted. Twenty-four hours after the retention tests ...

background: alzheimer’s disease (ad) is characterized by progressive neuronal loss in hippocamp. epidermal neural crest stem cells (epi-ncsc) can differentiate into neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of transplanting epi-ncsc into ad rat model. methods: two weeks after induction of ad by injection of amyloid-β 1-40 into ca1 area of ra...

abstract oculocardiac reflex (ocr) sometimes occurs as a result of pressure on the eye or traction of the intraorbital surrounding structures during ophthalmic surgery. this can result in bradycardiac arrhythmia and cardiac arrest. a 45-year-old female was undergoing an elective squint correction surgery of one eye under local anaesthesia in a private hospital in december 2013. the patient was ...