Sympathectomy may provide temporary pain relief, but after a few weeks to months it loses its effect. Sympathectomy and the application of Chemical Sympathectomy (neurolytic agents e.g., phenol, alcohol, etc.) should be limited to patients with life expectancies measured in weeks or months e.g., cancer patients. Chemical Sympathectomy (e.g., alcohol, phenol or hypertonic saline nerve blocks) ai...

exposure to stress leads to physiological changes called “stress response” which are the result of the changes in the adrenomedullary hormone system, hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (hpa) and sympathetic nervous system (sns) activity. in the present study, the effects of chronic physical and psychological stress and also the role of sympathetic system effects in stress on ischemia/reperfusion (i...

Autonomic nervous system together with endocrine glands plays in an intricate manner a significant role in the regulation of glucose homoeostasis. The two divisions of autonomic nervous system have opposing actions while several hormones have similar antagonistic actions. The interplay of all these neural and endocrine regulatory mechanisms and the balance of the actions of them finally fine tu...

Anaphylactic shock is sometimes life-threatening, and it is accompanied by hepatic venoconstriction in animals, which, in part, accounts for anaphylactic hypotension. Roles of norepinephrine and α-adrenoceptor in anaphylaxis-induced hypotension and portal hypertension were investigated in anesthetized ovalbumin-sensitized Sprague-Dawley rats. The sensitized rats were randomly allocated to the f...

Models underlying the use of similarity considerations, dimensionless numbers, and dimensional analysis in chemical engineering are discussed. Special attention is given to the many levels at which models and ceteris paribus conditions play a role and to the modeling of initial and boundary conditions. It is shown that both the laws or dimensionless number correlations and the systems to which ...

A simple technique for local chemical sympathectomy of peripheral tissues is described using guanethidine. Multiple microinjections of guanethidine were made into inguinal or epididymal white adipose tissue (IWAT and EWAT) pads or spleens of hamsters. Guanethidine virtually abolished the sympathetic innervation of both EWAT and IWAT, as measured by the absence of significant norepinephrine (NE)...