One of the serious problems that may be encountered while caring for personnel contaminated with organophosphate (OP) chemical warfare nerve agents is the possibility that there will be crosscontamination to the medical personnel. Secondly, during combat or terrorist acts, individuals might be exposed to chemical toxins before they don their protective gear. Therefore, we have attempted to deve...

Although organochlorine (OC) pesticides were replaced with organophosphates (OPs) in the early 1970s, they continue to persist in orchard environments today. Extensive research has been conducted to determine the effects of currently used OPs on cholinesterase (ChE) activity; however, although OCs continue to be prevalent in areas of previous use, few studies have looked at the toxicity of a co...

this study describes the synthesis of molecularly imprinted polymers (mips) by using an anti-che ops, namely dursban, as a template. non-covalent bulk polymerization was successfully applied to synthesis different imprinted and non-imprinted polymers with maa, mma, aa, and 4-vpy as monomer in selected porogens (chloroform, toluene, and acetonitrile). in order to evaluate the template binding of...

Organophosphorus agents (OPs) are irreversible inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). OP poisoning causes major cholinergic syndrome. Current medical counter-measures mitigate the acute effects but have limited action against OP-induced brain damage. Bioscavengers are appealing alternative therapeutic approach because they neutralize OPs in bloodstream before they reach physiological target...

The neurodevelopmental effects of two organophosphorus (OP) insecticides, chlorpyrifos (CPS) and methyl parathion (MPS), on cholinesterase (ChE) activity and muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) binding were investigated in neonatal rat brain. Animals were orally gavaged using an incremental dosing regimen from postnatal day 1 (PND1) until PND8 with a low, medium, and high dosage for both ...

Prior efforts to evaluate the comparative risk of organophosphate (OP) compounds have used numerator illness data from California's Pesticide Illness Surveillance Program (PISP) with corresponding pesticide use information to calculate illness/pesticide use ratios (IPURs). We present here a means of evaluating the comparative risk of organophosphate (OP) compounds, employing a standard epidemio...

Environmental exposures generally involve chemical mixtures instead of single chemicals. Statistical models such as the fixed-ratio ray design, wherein the mixing ratio (proportions) of the chemicals is fixed across increasing mixture doses, allows for the detection and characterization of interactions among the chemicals. In this study, we tested for interaction(s) in a mixture of five organop...