An isoconversional modeling approach has been considered in the modeling of heat transfer and pyrolysis in a charring material. The isoconversional approach is appealing due to the use of only a single reacting component as opposed to the multicomponent model typically used. This reduces the number of required field variables which reduces numerical demands in large multi-dimensional models. In...

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Presently there is a little information that relates to heat shield systems.  Also this information is not certain in so many cases.  The main reason is that accurate calculations for measuring the sacrificing rate of various materials have not been obtained yet.  Additionally, the real scale test has two disadvantages: high cost and low flexibility, and for each case we must perform a new test...

OBJECTIVE We hypothesize that perfusion of an expandable radiofrequency ablation (RFA) needle with saline solution might help prevent charring and increase efficiency. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA RFA has become an important adjunct to modern liver surgery. However, ablation is time-consuming and hazardous due to charring around the radiofrequency electrodes. METHODS From June 2000 to November 2...

The 193 nm argon fluoride excimer laser was used to ablate a 6 mm diameter area of the central rabbit cornea under various conditions of power, beam configuration and exposure time. High repetition rates or prolonged exposures produced charring and prevented rapid epithelial wound closure. Endothelial vacuolization, reduction in density, and displacement of cell material into Descemet's layer r...

OBJECTIVE Reconduction across an ablation line is a common reason for arrhythmia recurrence over time. The hybrid procedure combines epicardial ablation of the pulmonary vein (PV) and creation of a box lesion with endocardial touch-ups for any electrical gaps. A high contact force (CF) between the ablation tip and cardiac tissue may increase the risk of thrombus formation, catheter tip charring...

In this work, we apply time-implicit discontinuous Galerkin methods to the problem of thermal ablation, where we solve for the dynamics of flow of pyrolysis gas in a charring ablating media. We have benchmarked our results with the published data. The protective coating of thermal protection system over the space vehicle is of the order of a few centimeters, and high flow speed of gas and domin...