The research aimed to identify the knowledge level of cucumber growers in greenhouses with most important recommendations related its cultivation Chamchamal district / Sulaymaniyah governorate general, and determine their scientific each field agriculture, as well relationship some variables independent sample included (144) respondents who were chosen randomly, representing (60%) total Chamcha...

In the year 1922, Chamchamal was turn from a village to district, and it affiliated with Kirkuk governorate until (1947), no newspaper issued during that period. The first be in history of this district. issue two months after initiation mayor "Shaker Fattah" on July 1, 1946, last August 12, 1946. sense, weekly newspaper, (1991) issued, total number “Shaker Fattah” (7), which hung city park rea...

according to historical sources, in time of oljaito reign the city was built at the foot hills of bisotun mountain that called sultan abad-e chamchamal. it was a main political region during the ilkhanid period.due to the lack of archaeological studies, the exact position of this important site remains unclear and its exact location is the problems questioned in the archaeology of that region.i...

Tourism activities play a crucial role in identifying the history, civilization and beliefs of nations world. In Archaeological historical tourism religious history what is more focused on are facts, people also there much focus types ceremonies worship temples shrines. Nowadays all over world special attention archaeological it has become most widespread activity place attraction by tourists. ...

in order to study the effect of genotype × environment interaction and stability of sugar beet varieties, four cultivars, including shirine, zarghan, laetitia and 7112 hybrid were planted in five major areas near to sugar beet factory of biseton as kangavar, sahneh, chamchamal, dinavar and ravansar for three years (2006-2008) using a randomized complete block designs, with three replications. a...

Globalization, population change, and rural-to-urban movement are the main causes of enormous issues faced by rural communities. Every growing nation, including Kurdistan Region Iraq (KRI), has a sizable proportion farmers among its populace. This study was done in Sulaimani Governorate, which divided into six districts namely; Garmian, Penjwin, Halabja, Chamchamal, Sharazur, Raniya, aimed to c...

Electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) is one of the best geophysical techniques for studying subsurface and groundwater aquifer investigations. In clastic sediments, determining exact boundary between different layers on inverse section ERI not an easy task due to gradual changes in surrounding granular aquifers. Therefore, main aim study indicate a more precise aquifers (true thickness aquifers...